Parental Knowledge of Fecal Incontinence in Children

• Published in: Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition Vol. 55; no. 3; pp. 283 - 287
• Main Authors: Tilburg, Miranda A.L., Squires, Megan, Blois‐Martin, Nanette, Williams, Cathy, Benninga, Marc A., Peeters, Babette, Ulshen, Martin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hagerstown, MD Copyright by ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN 01-09-2012; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
• Subjects: Adolescent; Biological and medical sciences; Child; Child, Preschool; constipation; Constipation - complications; education; fecal incontinence; Fecal Incontinence - etiology; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastroenterology; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Male; Medical sciences; Other diseases. Semiology; Parenting - psychology; Parents - psychology; Patient Acceptance of Health Care - psychology; Psychometrics - methods; Referral and Consultation; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Human; Education; Gastroenterology; Digestive diseases; Intestinal disease; Anal incontinence; Metabolic diseases; Knowledge; Constipation; Child; fecal incontinence; Anorectal disease
• ISSN: 0277-2116; 1536-4801
• DOI: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31824cf555

ABSTRACT
Objectives:
Fecal incontinence (FI) is a common and stressful symptom of constipation in children. Recurrent FI causes psychological and physiological changes, complicating treatment as symptom duration progresses; however, parental misconceptions about the causes of FI may delay seeking medical care. The aim of the present study was to assess parental knowledge about FI and determine how this relates to the care and treatment of FI.
Methods:
A questionnaire was developed from qualitative interviews and clinician input. The questionnaire was administered to 251 parents and tested for reliability and validity. Subscales were compared between parents who did and did not consult a clinician. In addition, 30 parents completed the questionnaire before and after consultation with a pediatric gastroenterologist and after 2 months of treatment.
Results:
Two subscales were identified with good psychometric properties: “Blame and Punish” and “Worry and Help.” Families who consulted a physician for their child's FI acknowledged the role of constipation and scored higher on Worry and Help (mean 36.4 vs mean 46.9; P < 0.0001). Trends were found for Blame and Punish to decrease after consultation with a pediatric gastroenterologist (mean 1.7 vs 1.5; P = 0.08) and after 2 months of treatment (mean 1.5; P = 0.08).
Conclusions:
Parental knowledge about FI changes with physician consultation. These findings can help in developing educational materials for parents to encourage early diagnosis and treatment and prevent chronic problems that are difficult to manage.