Conscious and preconscious processing of food, body weight and shape, and emotion-related words in women with anorexia nervosa

• Published in: The International journal of eating disorders Vol. 23; no. 1; pp. 77 - 82
• Main Authors: Sackville, Tanya, Schotte, David E., Touyz, Stephen W., Griffiths, Rosalyn, Beumont, P. J. V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01-01-1998; Wiley; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Adult and adolescent clinical studies; Anorexia; Anorexia nervosa; Anorexia Nervosa - diagnosis; Anorexia Nervosa - psychology; Anorexia Nervosa - rehabilitation; Biological and medical sciences; Body Image; Body Weight; Cognition - physiology; Consciousness - physiology; Depressive Disorder - diagnosis; Depressive Disorder - psychology; Eating - physiology; Eating behavior disorders; Eating disorders; emotion; Female; Humans; Medical sciences; preconscious; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Reaction Time; Self image; shape; Vocabulary; Women; Human; Body perception; Symptomatology; Body weight; Information processing; Female; Cognition; Consciousness unconsciousness; Emotion emotionality; Personality; Anorexia nervosa; Eating disorder
• ISSN: 0276-3478; 1098-108X
• DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-108X(199801)23:1<77::AID-EAT9>3.0.CO;2-Z

Objective
The present study was conducted to extend prior research on attention toward food and body weight and shape‐related stimuli in women with eating disorders. Method: A modified Stroop color‐naming task was completed by women with anorexia nervosa and by control females subdivided on a measure of dietary restraint. Eating disorder‐relevant word categories included words connoting fatness, words connoting thinness, low caloric density food words, high caloric density food words, and neutral, control words. Valence effects were controlled for by including positively and negatively valenced emotion words. Stimuli were presented under both unmasked and masked conditions. Results: Using unmasked stimuli, patients with anorexia nervosa, but not unrestrained or restrained eaters, had delayed color‐naming latencies for both thin and fat word categories and, to a lesser extent, for high caloric density food words. No differences were observed with masked stimuli. Discussion: Our findings suggest that both thinness and fatness are especially salient to women with anorexia. The lack of effects for emotion words suggests that these findings do not reflect a valence effect. We found no evidence for preconscious attentional biases in the masked condition. © 1998 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 23: 77–82, 1998.