Sizing solar home systems for optimal development impact

• Published in: Energy policy Vol. 42; pp. 699 - 709
• Main Authors: Bond, M., Fuller, R.J., Aye, Lu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01-03-2012; Elsevier; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Comparative studies; Cost analysis; Development impact; East Timor; Economic data; Economic development; Electric energy; Energy; Energy costs; Energy economics; Energy planning; Energy policy; Equipments, installations and applications; Exact sciences and technology; General, economic and professional studies; household surveys; Households; Impact analysis; income; Indonesia; lighting; Natural energy; operating costs; Photovoltaic conversion; Renewable energy sources; Rural areas; rural communities; Rural development; SHS; Solar energy; Strategic planning; East Timor; South east Asia; Timor; Asia; Timor-Leste; Development impact; East Timor; SHS; Case study; Social development; Size effect; Solar energy; Electrification; Rural area; Economic development; Solar house
• ISSN: 0301-4215; 1873-6777
• DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.052

The paper compares the development impact of three different sized solar home systems (SHS) (10, 40 and 80Wp) installed in rural East Timor. It describes research aimed to determine whether the higher cost of the larger systems was justified by additional household benefits. To assess the development impact of these different sizes of SHS the research used a combination of participatory and quantitative tools. Participatory exercises were conducted with seventy-seven small groups of SHS users in twenty-four rural communities and supplemented with a household survey of 195 SHS users.
The combined results of these evaluation processes enabled the three sizes of SHS to be compared for two types of benefits—those associated with carrying out important household tasks and attributes of SHS which were advantageous compared to the use of non-electric lighting sources. The research findings showed that the small, 10Wp SHS provided much of the development impact of the larger systems. It suggests three significant implications for the design of SHS programs in contexts such as East Timor: provide more small systems rather than fewer large ones; provide lighting in the kitchen wherever possible; and carefully match SHS operating costs to the incomes of rural users.
► We compare development benefits for 3 sizes of solar home systems—10, 40 and 80Wp. ► Benefit assessment uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. ► Small systems are found to provide much of the benefits of the larger systems. ► To maximise benefits systems should be fitted with luminaires in kitchen areas. ► Financial benefits are important to users and may not accrue for large systems.