Maltreatment perpetrators: a 54-month analysis of recidivism
Objective: This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. Method: Statewide administrative child...
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Published in: | Child abuse & neglect Vol. 25; no. 8; pp. 1093 - 1108 |
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Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | English |
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01-08-2001
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Abstract | Objective: This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates.
Method: Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 4
1
2
years was analyzed. The sample included 31,531 perpetrators of intrafamilial maltreatment. Separate analyses were conducted for each type of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect).
Results: Bivariate relationships (substantiation status and recidivism) were analyzed using survival curves, and the study found that recidivism patterns differed by type of maltreatment and by substantiation status at the index event. Multivariate analyses using Cox Proportional Hazards models found that bivariate relationships held true even when controlling for neighborhood mean income, ethnicity, and gender.
Conclusions: The study’s finding that perpetrators whose index event was not substantiated return to the child welfare system at a high rate suggests the need to learn how to discriminate those unsubstantiated alleged perpetrators who are most at risk for recidivism. The finding of frequent cross-type recidivism indicates that intervention should focus on common themes across maltreatment types.
Objectif: Cette étude a comparé les taux de récidivisme chez des auteurs de mauvais traitements allégués au sujet desquels il y avait eu plainte avec preuves à l’appui avec ceux pour lesquels il n’y avait pas eu de preuves afin de déterminer s’ils étaient retournés dans le système de la protection de l’enfance dans des proportions différentes.
Méthode: On a analysé les données des services administratifs de protection de l’Enfance de tout un Etat portant sur une période de 4 ans 1/2. L’échantillon comportait 31,531 auteurs de mauvais traitements intra-familiaux. On a analysé séparément chaque type de mauvais traitements (sexuels, physiques ainsi que la négligence).
Résultats: On a analysé les relations à deux variables (le statut de la preuve et le récidivisme) en utilisant les courbes de survie. L’étude a trouvé que les modèles de récidivisme différaient selon le type de sévices et le statut de la preuve pour l’indice de l’événement. Les analyses à variance multiple utilisa nt les modèles “Cox Proportional Hazards” ont montré que les relations à deux variables se maintenaient même quand on contrôlait le revenu moyen du voisinage, l’ethnicité et le sexe.
Conclusions: Le résultats de l’étude suggèrent que les auteurs pour lesquels l’événement indexé n’était pas prouvé retournaient au système de Protection de l’Enfance dans une forte proportion. Cela suggère qu’il est nécessaire d’apprendre à discriminer ceux des auteurs concernés par des allégations sans preuves qui sont le plus en risque de récidiver. La fréquence du récidivisme de type croisé indique que l’intervention devrait être centrée sur des thèmes communs aux différents types de mauvais traitements.
Objetivo: Este estudio comparó las tasas de reincidencia en presuntos perpetradores de maltrato c notificación confirmada y sin confirmar para determinar si presentan tasas diferentes de vuelta al sistema de protección infantil.
Método: se analizaron los datos administrativos de los servicios de protección infantil de todo el paı́s durante un perı́odo de 4 años y medio. La muestra incluyó a 31.531 perpetradores de maltrato intrafamiliar. Se llevaron a cabo análisis independientes para cada tipo de maltrato (abuso sexual, maltrato fı́sico y negligencia).
Resultados: Las relaciones bivariadas (estatus de informe fundamentado y reincidencia) fueron analizados utilizando “curvas de supervivencia”. En el estudio se observó que los patrones de reincidencia difirieron según el tipo de maltrato y según por el estatus de confirmación del informe. Los análisis multivariados utilizados (Cox Proportional Hazards) señalaron que las relaciones bivariadas eran significativas aún cuando se controlaba la media de ingresos del vecindario, la etnia, y el género.
Conclusiones: Se observa que los perpetradores cuya notificación no fue confirmada regresan al sistema de protección infantil con más frecuencia. Este hallazgo sugiere la necesidad de aprender cómo discriminar a aquellos presuntos perpetradores que están en mayor riesgo de reincidencia. El hecho de que haya diferentes tasas de reincidencia en función de la tipologı́a indica que la intervención deberı́a centrarse en temas comunes para diferentes tipos de maltrato. |
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AbstractList | OBJECTIVEThis study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. METHODStatewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 4 1/2 years was analyzed. The sample included 31,531 perpetrators of intrafamilial maltreatment. Separate analyses were conducted for each type of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect). RESULTSBivariate relationships (substantiation status and recidivism) were analyzed using survival curves, and the study found that recidivism patterns differed by type of maltreatment and by substantiation status at the index event. Multivariate analyses using Cox Proportional Hazards models found that bivariate relationships held true even when controlling for neighborhood mean income, ethnicity, and gender. CONCLUSIONSThe study's finding that perpetrators whose index event was not substantiated return to the child welfare system at a high rate suggests the need to learn how to discriminate those unsubstantiated alleged perpetrators who are most at risk for recidivism. The finding of frequent cross-type recidivism indicates that intervention should focus on common themes across maltreatment types. This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated & those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 4 1/2 years was analyzed. The sample included 31,531 perpetrators of intrafamilial maltreatment. Separate analyses were conducted for each type of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, & neglect). Bivariate relationships (substantiated status & recidivism) were analyzed using survival curves, & the study found that recidivism patterns differed by type of maltreatment & by substantiation status at the index event. Multivariate analyses using Cox Proportional Hazards models found that bivariate relationships held true even when controlling for neighborhood mean income, ethnicity, & gender. The study's finding that perpetrators whose index event was not substantiated return to the child welfare system at a high rate suggests the need to learn how to discriminate those unsubstantiated alleged perpetrators who are most at risk for recidivism. The finding of frequent cross-type recidivism indicates that intervention should focus on common themes across maltreatment types. 3 Tables, 8 Figures, 23 References. Adapted from the source document. This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 4 1/2 years was analyzed. The sample included 31,531 perpetrators of intrafamilial maltreatment. Separate analyses were conducted for each type of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect). Bivariate relationships (substantiation status and recidivism) were analyzed using survival curves, and the study found that recidivism patterns differed by type of maltreatment and by substantiation status at the index event. Multivariate analyses using Cox Proportional Hazards models found that bivariate relationships held true even when controlling for neighborhood mean income, ethnicity, and gender. The study's finding that perpetrators whose index event was not substantiated return to the child welfare system at a high rate suggests the need to learn how to discriminate those unsubstantiated alleged perpetrators who are most at risk for recidivism. The finding of frequent cross-type recidivism indicates that intervention should focus on common themes across maltreatment types. Objective: This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. Method: Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 4 1 2 years was analyzed. The sample included 31,531 perpetrators of intrafamilial maltreatment. Separate analyses were conducted for each type of maltreatment (sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect). Results: Bivariate relationships (substantiation status and recidivism) were analyzed using survival curves, and the study found that recidivism patterns differed by type of maltreatment and by substantiation status at the index event. Multivariate analyses using Cox Proportional Hazards models found that bivariate relationships held true even when controlling for neighborhood mean income, ethnicity, and gender. Conclusions: The study’s finding that perpetrators whose index event was not substantiated return to the child welfare system at a high rate suggests the need to learn how to discriminate those unsubstantiated alleged perpetrators who are most at risk for recidivism. The finding of frequent cross-type recidivism indicates that intervention should focus on common themes across maltreatment types. Objectif: Cette étude a comparé les taux de récidivisme chez des auteurs de mauvais traitements allégués au sujet desquels il y avait eu plainte avec preuves à l’appui avec ceux pour lesquels il n’y avait pas eu de preuves afin de déterminer s’ils étaient retournés dans le système de la protection de l’enfance dans des proportions différentes. Méthode: On a analysé les données des services administratifs de protection de l’Enfance de tout un Etat portant sur une période de 4 ans 1/2. L’échantillon comportait 31,531 auteurs de mauvais traitements intra-familiaux. On a analysé séparément chaque type de mauvais traitements (sexuels, physiques ainsi que la négligence). Résultats: On a analysé les relations à deux variables (le statut de la preuve et le récidivisme) en utilisant les courbes de survie. L’étude a trouvé que les modèles de récidivisme différaient selon le type de sévices et le statut de la preuve pour l’indice de l’événement. Les analyses à variance multiple utilisa nt les modèles “Cox Proportional Hazards” ont montré que les relations à deux variables se maintenaient même quand on contrôlait le revenu moyen du voisinage, l’ethnicité et le sexe. Conclusions: Le résultats de l’étude suggèrent que les auteurs pour lesquels l’événement indexé n’était pas prouvé retournaient au système de Protection de l’Enfance dans une forte proportion. Cela suggère qu’il est nécessaire d’apprendre à discriminer ceux des auteurs concernés par des allégations sans preuves qui sont le plus en risque de récidiver. La fréquence du récidivisme de type croisé indique que l’intervention devrait être centrée sur des thèmes communs aux différents types de mauvais traitements. Objetivo: Este estudio comparó las tasas de reincidencia en presuntos perpetradores de maltrato c notificación confirmada y sin confirmar para determinar si presentan tasas diferentes de vuelta al sistema de protección infantil. Método: se analizaron los datos administrativos de los servicios de protección infantil de todo el paı́s durante un perı́odo de 4 años y medio. La muestra incluyó a 31.531 perpetradores de maltrato intrafamiliar. Se llevaron a cabo análisis independientes para cada tipo de maltrato (abuso sexual, maltrato fı́sico y negligencia). Resultados: Las relaciones bivariadas (estatus de informe fundamentado y reincidencia) fueron analizados utilizando “curvas de supervivencia”. En el estudio se observó que los patrones de reincidencia difirieron según el tipo de maltrato y según por el estatus de confirmación del informe. Los análisis multivariados utilizados (Cox Proportional Hazards) señalaron que las relaciones bivariadas eran significativas aún cuando se controlaba la media de ingresos del vecindario, la etnia, y el género. Conclusiones: Se observa que los perpetradores cuya notificación no fue confirmada regresan al sistema de protección infantil con más frecuencia. Este hallazgo sugiere la necesidad de aprender cómo discriminar a aquellos presuntos perpetradores que están en mayor riesgo de reincidencia. El hecho de que haya diferentes tasas de reincidencia en función de la tipologı́a indica que la intervención deberı́a centrarse en temas comunes para diferentes tipos de maltrato. Compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. (Original abstract - amended) Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 41/2 years was analyzed. This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to determine whether they returned to the child welfare system at differing rates. |
Author | Way, Ineke Jonson-Reid, Melissa Chung, Sulki Drake, Brett |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ineke surname: Way fullname: Way, Ineke organization: School of Social Work, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008–5354, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Sulki surname: Chung fullname: Chung, Sulki organization: George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Melissa surname: Jonson-Reid fullname: Jonson-Reid, Melissa organization: George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Brett surname: Drake fullname: Drake, Brett organization: George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA |
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Cites_doi | 10.1016/0145-2134(88)90006-3 10.1016/0145-2134(94)90132-5 10.1177/1077559599004004001 10.1177/1077559599004004002 10.1016/S0145-2134(96)00178-0 10.1177/088626088003002006 10.1177/1077559596001003008 10.1177/1077559598003001003 10.2466/pr0.1985.56.2.407 10.1037/0022-006X.66.2.348 10.1093/swra/20.2.21 10.1177/088626089004002007 10.1177/1077559599004004003 10.1037/0022-006X.61.4.646 |
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Keywords | Perpetrator Child maltreatment Recidivism Social environment Human Relapse Sexual behavior disorder Social interaction Violence Risk factor Family environment Statistical study Social behavior disorder Parent child relation |
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References_xml | – volume: 61 start-page: 646 year: 1993 end-page: 652 ident: BIB12 article-title: Long-term recidivism of child molesters publication-title: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology contributor: fullname: Gauthier – volume: 12 start-page: 41 year: 1988 end-page: 49 ident: BIB8 article-title: Identifying correlates of reabuse in maltreating parents publication-title: Child Abuse & Neglect contributor: fullname: Green – volume: 3 start-page: 27 year: 1998 end-page: 42 ident: BIB4 article-title: Rates, patterns, and frequency of child maltreatment recurrences among families known to CPS publication-title: Child Maltreatment contributor: fullname: Zuravin – year: 1996 ident: BIB20 publication-title: Third national incidence study of child abuse and neglect contributor: fullname: Broadhurst – volume: 72 start-page: 543 year: 1993 end-page: 554 ident: BIB1 article-title: Perpetrator gender and type of maltreatment publication-title: Child Welfare contributor: fullname: Epperson – volume: 12 start-page: 1063 year: 1994 end-page: 1071 ident: BIB9 article-title: A survival analysis of the revictimization of children publication-title: Child Abuse & Neglect contributor: fullname: Miyoshi – volume: 61 start-page: 348 year: 1998 end-page: 362 ident: BIB11 article-title: Predicting relapse publication-title: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology contributor: fullname: Bussiere – volume: 21 start-page: 379 year: 1997 end-page: 387 ident: BIB23 article-title: Risk predictors for re-abuse or re-neglect in a predominantly Hispanic population publication-title: Child Abuse & Neglect contributor: fullname: Wood – volume: 4 start-page: 287 year: 1999 end-page: 296 ident: BIB18 article-title: Survival analysis of risk factors for recidivism in child abuse and neglect publication-title: Child Maltreatment contributor: fullname: English – volume: 3 start-page: 197 year: 1988 end-page: 202 ident: BIB16 article-title: The nonprosecution of sexual abuse and informal justice publication-title: Journal of Interpersonal Violence contributor: fullname: MacMurray – volume: 56 start-page: 407 year: 1985 end-page: 410 ident: BIB13 article-title: Perpetrator and family characteristics related to child abuse and neglect publication-title: Psychological Reports contributor: fullname: Duncan – volume: 3 start-page: 297 year: 1999 end-page: 307 ident: BIB7 article-title: Characteristics of repeated referrals to child protective services in Washington state publication-title: Child Maltreatment contributor: fullname: Orme – year: 1992 ident: BIB15 publication-title: Statistical methods for survival data analysis contributor: fullname: Lee – volume: 4 start-page: 275 year: 1999 end-page: 286 ident: BIB10 article-title: Recurrent maltreatment during childhood publication-title: Child Maltreatment contributor: fullname: Browne – volume: 3 start-page: 233 year: 1989 end-page: 244 ident: BIB17 article-title: Criminal determination for child sexual abuse publication-title: Journal of Interpersonal Violence contributor: fullname: MacMurray – year: 1984 ident: BIB2 publication-title: Analysis of survival data contributor: fullname: Oakes – ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB3 – volume: 12 start-page: 41 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB8 article-title: Identifying correlates of reabuse in maltreating parents publication-title: Child Abuse & Neglect doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(88)90006-3 contributor: fullname: Ferleger – volume: 12 start-page: 1063 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB9 article-title: A survival analysis of the revictimization of children publication-title: Child Abuse & Neglect doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(94)90132-5 contributor: fullname: Fryer – volume: 4 start-page: 275 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB10 article-title: Recurrent maltreatment during childhood publication-title: Child Maltreatment doi: 10.1177/1077559599004004001 contributor: fullname: Hamilton – volume: 4 start-page: 287 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB18 article-title: Survival analysis of risk factors for recidivism in child abuse and neglect publication-title: Child Maltreatment doi: 10.1177/1077559599004004002 contributor: fullname: Marshall – year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB20 contributor: fullname: Sedlack – volume: 21 start-page: 379 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB23 article-title: Risk predictors for re-abuse or re-neglect in a predominantly Hispanic population publication-title: Child Abuse & Neglect doi: 10.1016/S0145-2134(96)00178-0 contributor: fullname: Wood – volume: 3 start-page: 197 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB16 article-title: The nonprosecution of sexual abuse and informal justice publication-title: Journal of Interpersonal Violence doi: 10.1177/088626088003002006 contributor: fullname: MacMurray – ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB19 – ident: 10.1016/S0145-2134(01)00258-7_BIB5 doi: 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Snippet | Objective: This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was... This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not... Statewide administrative child welfare services data over a period of 41/2 years was analyzed. This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment... Compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was not substantiated, to... This study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated & those whose initial report was not... OBJECTIVEThis study compared recidivism rates for alleged maltreatment perpetrators whose initial report was substantiated and those whose initial report was... |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Biological and medical sciences Child Child Abuse Child abuse & neglect Child Abuse - classification Child Abuse - statistics & numerical data Child maltreatment Child Sexual Abuse Child welfare Child Welfare Services Crime Victims - psychology Crime Victims - statistics & numerical data Electronic Data Processing Family Violence Female Forms and Records Control Humans Longitudinal studies Male Mandatory Reporting Medical sciences Middle Aged Missouri - epidemiology Offenders Parents - psychology Perpetrator Perpetrators Proportional Hazards Models Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Recidivism Recurrence Referral and Consultation Social behavior disorders. Criminal behavior. Delinquency Survival Analysis |
Title | Maltreatment perpetrators: a 54-month analysis of recidivism |
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