Cytotoxic effects of octenidine mouth rinse on human fibroblasts and epithelial cells - an in vitro study

• Published in: Drug and chemical toxicology (New York, N.Y. 1978) Vol. 39; no. 3; pp. 322 - 330
• Main Authors: Schmidt, J., Zyba, V., Jung, K., Rinke, S., Haak, R., Mausberg, R. F., Ziebolz, D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 02-07-2016
• Subjects: Cell Survival - drug effects; Cells, Cultured; cytotoxicity; Epithelial Cells - drug effects; Epithelial Cells - pathology; Fibroblasts - drug effects; Fibroblasts - pathology; Gingiva - drug effects; Gingiva - pathology; Humans; Mouth rinse; Mouthwashes - chemistry; Mouthwashes - toxicity; Nasal Mucosa - drug effects; Nasal Mucosa - pathology; oral cells; Primary Cell Culture; Pyridines - toxicity; oral cells; cytotoxicity; Mouth rinse
• ISSN: 0148-0545; 1525-6014
• DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2015.1121274

Objectives: This study compared the cytotoxicity of a new octenidine mouth rinse (MR) against gingival fibroblasts and epithelial cells with different established MRs. Methods: The following MRs were used: Octenidol (OCT), Chlorhexidine 0.2% (CHX), Listerine (LIS), Meridol (MER), Betaisodona (BET); and control (medium only). Human primary gingiva fibroblasts and human primary nasal epithelial cells were cultivated in cell-specific media (2 × 10
5
cells/ml) and treated with MR for 1, 5, and 15 min. Each test was performed 12 times. Metabolism activity was measured using a cytotoxicity assay. A cellometer analyzed cell viability, cell number, and cell diameter. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance with subsequent Dunnett's test and additional t-tests. Results: The cytotoxic effects of all MRs on fibroblasts and epithelial cells compared to the control depended on the contact time (p < 0.001). OCT and BET showed less influence on cell metabolism in fibroblasts than other MRs. OCT also demonstrated comparable but not significant results in epithelial cells (p > 0.005). Cell numbers of both cell types at all contact times revealed that OCT showed a less negative effect (p > 0.005), especially for epithelial cells compared to CHX after 15 min (p < 0.005). OCT and BET showed the best results for viability in fibroblasts (p > 0.005), but MER showed less influence than OCT in epithelial cells (p < 0.005). Conclusions: OCT is a potential alternative to CHX regarding cytotoxicity because of its lower cell-toxic effect against fibroblasts and epithelial cells.