The Use of Liquids Ionic Fluids as Pharmaceutically Active Substances Helpful in Combating Nosocomial Infections Induced by Klebsiella Pneumoniae New Delhi Strain, Acinetobacter Baumannii and Enterococcus Species

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 19; no. 9; p. 2779
• Main Authors: Miskiewicz, Andrzej, Ceranowicz, Piotr, Szymczak, Mateusz, Bartuś, Krzysztof, Kowalczyk, Paweł
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 15-09-2018; MDPI
• Subjects: Acinetobacter baumannii - drug effects; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial agents; antimicrobial effect; Bacteria; Biological activity; Carbapenems; Carbon; Catalysis; Cephalosporins; Controlled release; Cross Infection - drug therapy; Cross Infection - microbiology; Drug resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial - drug effects; Enterobacteriaceae Infections - drug therapy; Enterobacteriaceae Infections - microbiology; Enterococcus; Enterococcus - drug effects; Fungi; Glycopeptides; Humans; Intensive care units; Ionic liquids; Ionic Liquids - chemistry; Ionic Liquids - pharmacology; Ionic Liquids - therapeutic use; Ions; Klebsiella; Klebsiella pneumoniae - drug effects; Medicine; Nosocomial infection; Nosocomial infections; Pharmacology; Physiology; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - pharmacology; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - therapeutic use; Review; Salts; Solvents; Solvents - chemistry; Iran; Poland; Ionic liquids; antimicrobial effect; drug resistance
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092779

This review deals with various microbiological activities of ionic liquids, which constitute the first anti-infective defense against multi-drug-resistant bacteria-with a particular emphasis placed on medicine and pharmacology. The quoted data on the biological activity of ionic liquids including their antimicrobial properties (depending on the type of a cation or an anion) and are discussed in view of possible applications in nosocomial infections. Dedicated attention is given to finding infections with the
New Delhi strain,
, and
species, which are responsible for the induction of antibiotic resistance in intensive care units. Diagnosis and treatment using current antibiotics is a significant problem in hospital care, and the relevant burden on the health systems of the European Union member states induces the search for new, effective methods of treatment. Ionic liquids, due to their antibacterial effect, can be considered topical and general medications and may provide the basis for treatment to eliminate the antibiotic resistance phenomenon in the future. At present, the number of infections with resistant pathogens in hospitals and outpatient clinics in the European Union is growing. In 2015⁻2017, a significant incidence of respiratory and bloodstream infections with bacteria resistant to antibiotics from the 3rd generation group of cephalosporins, glycopeptides, and carbapenems were observed. The paper presents examples of synthesized bifunctional salts with at least one pharmaceutically active ion in obtaining a controlled release, controlled delivery, and biological impact on the pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi. The ionic liquids obtained in the presented way may find applications in the treatment of wounds and infections.