Biocompatible and Antimicrobial Electrospun Membranes Based on Nanocomposites of Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 20; no. 12; p. 2987
• Main Authors: Tamayo Marín, Julián Andrés, Londoño, Sebastián Ruiz, Delgado, Johannes, Navia Porras, Diana Paola, Valencia Zapata, Mayra Eliana, Mina Hernandez, José Herminsul, Valencia, Carlos Humberto, Grande Tovar, Carlos David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19-06-2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; antibacterial nanofibrous membranes; Antimicrobial agents; Binary mixtures; Biocompatibility; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Biodegradability; Biodegradation; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; Biopolymers; Body weight loss; Cell adhesion; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell differentiation; Chemical elements; Chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Defects; Drug delivery; Drug delivery systems; Electrospinning; Extracellular matrix; Flow velocity; Fractures; Graphene; graphene oxide; Graphite - chemistry; Humans; Hydrogen bonding; Hydrogen bonds; Mechanical properties; Membranes; Membranes, Artificial; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Morphology; Nanocomposites; Nanocomposites - chemistry; Nanocomposites - ultrastructure; Nanofibers - chemistry; Nanofibers - ultrastructure; Organic chemistry; Polyvinyl alcohol; Polyvinyl Alcohol - chemistry; Rats; Scaffolds; Spectrum Analysis; Thermal resistance; Tissue engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Tumors; Viscosity; Weight control; Weight loss; Wound Healing; chitosan; graphene oxide; antibacterial nanofibrous membranes; electrospinning; polyvinyl alcohol
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122987

Tissue engineering is gaining attention rapidly to replace and repair defective tissues in the human body after illnesses and accidents in different organs. Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds have emerged as a potential alternative for cell regeneration and organ replacement. In this paper, porous membranes, based on nanofibrous chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and graphene oxide (GO), were obtained via electrospinning methodology. Three different formulations were obtained varying GO content, being characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). In vitro tests were carried out, consisting of hydrolytic degradation inside simulated biological fluid (SBF), and in vivo tests were carried out, where the material was implanted in Wistar rats' subcutaneous tissue to determine its biocompatibility. The antibacterial activity was tested against Gram-positive bacteria
and
and against Gram-negative
and
, by contact of the electrospun nanofiber scaffolds above inoculum bacterial in Müeller Hinton agar with good inhibition only for scaffolds with the higher GO content (1.0%). The results confirmed good biocompatibility of the nanofibrous scaffolds after in vivo tests in Wistar rats, which evidences its high potential in applications of tissue regeneration.