Development of a tablet app designed to improve African Americans’ screening colonoscopy rates

• Published in: Translational behavioral medicine Vol. 10; no. 2; pp. 375 - 383
• Main Authors: Miller, Sarah J, Sly, Jamilia R, Gaffney, Kemi B, Jiang, Zhiye, Henry, Brittney, Jandorf, Lina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 01-04-2020
• Subjects: African Americans; Cancer Screening; Care and treatment; Colonoscopy; Demographic aspects; Health aspects; Mobile applications; Technology application; United States; African Americans; Cancer prevention; Digital health; Colorectal cancer
• ISSN: 1869-6716; 1613-9860
• DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz014

Abstract
Compared with other racial/ethnic groups, African Americans have the highest colorectal cancer (CRC) morbidity and mortality rates. It is critical to help improve African Americans’ CRC prevention efforts in order to reduce the burden of CRC in this community. The aim of this study was to develop and field test a tablet app, called e-Motivate, designed to improve African Americans’ screening colonoscopy rates. The e-Motivate app was field tested, using an iterative approach. The first version of the app, e-Motivate 1.0, was field tested on 20 African Americans over the age of 50. Participants engaged in a think aloud exercise and provided feedback regarding the app’s usability and acceptability. The results of the first field test were used to modify the app and develop e-Motivate 2.0. The field test procedures were repeated on a new group of participants (N = 18). The results from the second field test were used to make final modifications to the app. Overall, participants responded positively to the app. Qualitative analyses showed that participants found the app to be easy to use and helpful. Furthermore, descriptive statistics revealed that participants found the app to be highly usable and acceptable, exceeding recommended benchmarks for usability and acceptability. Critiques of the app were used to modify and finalize the intervention. The results from the proposed study suggest that the e-Motivate app is highly feasible and acceptable. The next step in this line of research is to conduct a randomized clinical trial to formally test the efficacy of the e-Motivate app for improving screening colonoscopy rates among African Americans.