Targeting autophagy as a potential therapeutic approach for melanoma therapy

Abstract Melanoma, occurring as a rapidly progressive skin cancer, is resistant to current chemo- and radiotherapy, especially after metastases to distant organs has taken place. Most chemotherapeutic drugs exert their cytotoxic effect by inducing apoptosis, which, however, is often deficient in can...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Seminars in cancer biology Vol. 23; no. 5; pp. 352 - 360
Main Authors:	Liu, He, He, Zhaoyue, Simon, Hans-Uwe
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Elsevier Ltd 01-10-2013
Subjects:	Animals Autophagy Autophagy - drug effects Chemotherapy Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine Humans Hypoxia Immunotherapy Melanoma Melanoma - drug therapy Melanoma - metabolism Melanoma - pathology Signal Transduction Cav-1 DNA damage response endophilin B1 MHC DN major histocompatibility complex progression free survival Bif-1 PEDF PI3P PI3K Immunotherapy autophagy-related LAMP2 mTOR phophatidylinositol-3-phosphate DRiPs PFS LC3 dysplastic nevi TRAIL cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 human leukocyte antigen Melanoma EM radial growth phase ER defective ribosomal products caveolin-1 vertical growth phase Chemotherapy ROS PCL Hypoxia RGP ULK1 bafilomycin A1 HLA phosphoinositide 3-kinase VGP 3-methyladenine antigen-presenting cell pigment epithelium-derived factor receptor tissue microarray AMBRA1 ganoderic acid-dextromethorphan BN Autophagy chloroquine IFN microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 UV radiation resistance associated gene mammalian target of rapamycin benign nevi DDR lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 skin-derived precursor reactive oxygen species electron microscopy tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand CTLA-4 GA-DM polyethylene imine 5-ALA unc-51-like kinase 1 ASS UVRAG HIF cytolytic T lymphocyte TMA hypoxia-inducible factor polygonatum cyrtonema lectin autophagy/Beclin 1 regulator 1 interferon CQ argininosuccinate synthetase phosphatidylethanolamine APC ATG PE PEI Ataxia telangiectasia mutated BafA1 3-MA SKP ATM CTL 5-aminolevulinic acid endoplasmic reticulum
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