The influence of microglia on the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Inflammation may be associated with the neuropathology of PD due to the following accumulating evidence: excessive microglial activation and increased levels of the pr...

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Published in:	Progress in neurobiology Vol. 89; no. 3; pp. 277 - 287
Main Authors:	Long-Smith, Caitríona M, Sullivan, Aideen M, Nolan, Yvonne M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England 01-11-2009
Subjects:	Activation Animals Bacteria Cytokines Disease Models, Animal Encephalitis - etiology Encephalitis - pathology Encephalitis - therapy Humans Influenza Inhibitors Microglia - pathology Microglia - physiology Neurons Parkinson Disease - complications Parkinson Disease - etiology Parkinson Disease - pathology Parkinson's disease Pathogenesis
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Abstract	Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Inflammation may be associated with the neuropathology of PD due to the following accumulating evidence: excessive microglial activation and increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta in the SNpc of patients with PD; the emergence of PD-like symptoms following influenza infection; the increased susceptibility to PD associated with bacterial vaginosis; the presence of inflammatory mediators and activators in animal models of PD; the ability of anti-inflammatory drugs to decrease susceptibility to PD; and the emerging possibility of the use of microglial activation inhibitors as a therapy in PD. In this review, we will discuss the role of inflammation in PD. We will focus on the influence of microglia in the pathogenesis of PD and discuss potential therapeutic interventions for PD, that target microglia.
AbstractList	Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Inflammation may be associated with the neuropathology of PD due to the following accumulating evidence: excessive microglial activation and increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor- alpha and interleukin-1 beta in the SNpc of patients with PD; the emergence of PD-like symptoms following influenza infection; the increased susceptibility to PD associated with bacterial vaginosis; the presence of inflammatory mediators and activators in animal models of PD; the ability of anti-inflammatory drugs to decrease susceptibility to PD; and the emerging possibility of the use of microglial activation inhibitors as a therapy in PD. In this review, we will discuss the role of inflammation in PD. We will focus on the influence of microglia in the pathogenesis of PD and discuss potential therapeutic interventions for PD, that target microglia. Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Inflammation may be associated with the neuropathology of PD due to the following accumulating evidence: excessive microglial activation and increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-a and interleukin-1b in the SNpc of patients with PD; the emergence of PD-like symptoms following influenza infection; the increased susceptibility to PD associated with bacterial vaginosis; the presence of inflammatory mediators and activators in animal models of PD; the ability of anti-inflammatory drugs to decrease susceptibility to PD; and the emerging possibility of the use of microglial activation inhibitors as a therapy in PD. In this review, we will discuss the role of inflammation in PD. We will focus on the influence of microglia in the pathogenesis of PD and discuss potential therapeutic interventions for PD, that target microglia. Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Inflammation may be associated with the neuropathology of PD due to the following accumulating evidence: excessive microglial activation and increased levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta in the SNpc of patients with PD; the emergence of PD-like symptoms following influenza infection; the increased susceptibility to PD associated with bacterial vaginosis; the presence of inflammatory mediators and activators in animal models of PD; the ability of anti-inflammatory drugs to decrease susceptibility to PD; and the emerging possibility of the use of microglial activation inhibitors as a therapy in PD. In this review, we will discuss the role of inflammation in PD. We will focus on the influence of microglia in the pathogenesis of PD and discuss potential therapeutic interventions for PD, that target microglia.
Author	Nolan, Yvonne M Sullivan, Aideen M Long-Smith, Caitríona M
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Caitríona M surname: Long-Smith fullname: Long-Smith, Caitríona M organization: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland – sequence: 2 givenname: Aideen M surname: Sullivan fullname: Sullivan, Aideen M – sequence: 3 givenname: Yvonne M surname: Nolan fullname: Nolan, Yvonne M
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19686799$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Snippet	Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Inflammation may be associated...
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SubjectTerms	Activation Animals Bacteria Cytokines Disease Models, Animal Encephalitis - etiology Encephalitis - pathology Encephalitis - therapy Humans Influenza Inhibitors Microglia - pathology Microglia - physiology Neurons Parkinson Disease - complications Parkinson Disease - etiology Parkinson Disease - pathology Parkinson's disease Pathogenesis
Title	The influence of microglia on the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease
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