Evaluation of long-term stability of mesiodistal axial inclinations of maxillary molars through panoramic radiographs in subjects treated with Pendulum appliance
To evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic treatment. Angulation changes were compared to an untreated sample. The sample consisted of 20 patients (14 females and 6 males) with Class II, Divisi...
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Published in: | Dental press journal of orthodontics Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 67 - 74 |
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Abstract | To evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic treatment. Angulation changes were compared to an untreated sample.
The sample consisted of 20 patients (14 females and 6 males) with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion that was treated through molar distalization with a pendulum appliance followed by cervical headgear and full fixed appliances. Maxillary molar inclination was evaluated through panoramic radiograph. The mean age at pretreatment was 14.3 ± 1.6 years, whereas at immediate post-treatment it was 18.6 ± 1.8 years, and at long-term post-treatment it was 23.8 ± 2.0 years. A control group of 16 untreated individuals with untreated normocclusion ranging in age from 12 to 17 years old were used as comparison group. Data were statistically analyzed with independent t-tests and ANOVA test followed by Tukey post-hoc tests.
Statistically significant differences were found between T1(94.50) and T2 (98.80) as well as between T2 and T3 (94.70) for maxillary first molars. Maxillary second molars did not show any statistically significant positional changes during the evaluated time periods T1 (107.50), T2 (109.30) and T3 (106.90).
Although maxillary first molars underwent distal crown inclination immediately after treatment, approximately five years thereafter their roots tended to upright close to the pretreatment positions. |
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AbstractList | Objective: To evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic treatment. Angulation changes were compared to an untreated sample. Methods: The sample consisted of 20 patients (14 females and 6 males) with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion that was treated through molar distalization with a pendulum appliance followed by cervical headgear and full fixed appliances. Maxillary molar inclination was evaluated through panoramic radiograph. The mean age at pretreatment was 14.3 ± 1.6 years, whereas at immediate post-treatment it was 18.6 ± 1.8 years, and at long-term post-treatment it was 23.8 ± 2.0 years. A control group of 16 untreated individuals with untreated normocclusion ranging in age from 12 to 17 years old were used as comparison group. Data were statistically analyzed with independent t-tests and ANOVA test followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between T1 (94.50) and T2 (98.80) as well as between T2 and T3 (94.70) for maxillary first molars. Maxillary second molars did not show any statistically significant positional changes during the evaluated time periods T1 (107.50), T2 (109.30) and T3 (106.90). Conclusion: Although maxillary first molars underwent distal crown inclination immediately after treatment, approximately five years thereafter their roots tended to upright close to the pretreatment positions. To evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic treatment. Angulation changes were compared to an untreated sample. The sample consisted of 20 patients (14 females and 6 males) with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion that was treated through molar distalization with a pendulum appliance followed by cervical headgear and full fixed appliances. Maxillary molar inclination was evaluated through panoramic radiograph. The mean age at pretreatment was 14.3 ± 1.6 years, whereas at immediate post-treatment it was 18.6 ± 1.8 years, and at long-term post-treatment it was 23.8 ± 2.0 years. A control group of 16 untreated individuals with untreated normocclusion ranging in age from 12 to 17 years old were used as comparison group. Data were statistically analyzed with independent t-tests and ANOVA test followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Statistically significant differences were found between T1(94.50) and T2 (98.80) as well as between T2 and T3 (94.70) for maxillary first molars. Maxillary second molars did not show any statistically significant positional changes during the evaluated time periods T1 (107.50), T2 (109.30) and T3 (106.90). Although maxillary first molars underwent distal crown inclination immediately after treatment, approximately five years thereafter their roots tended to upright close to the pretreatment positions. OBJECTIVETo evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic treatment. Angulation changes were compared to an untreated sample.METHODSThe sample consisted of 20 patients (14 females and 6 males) with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion that was treated through molar distalization with a pendulum appliance followed by cervical headgear and full fixed appliances. Maxillary molar inclination was evaluated through panoramic radiograph. The mean age at pretreatment was 14.3 ± 1.6 years, whereas at immediate post-treatment it was 18.6 ± 1.8 years, and at long-term post-treatment it was 23.8 ± 2.0 years. A control group of 16 untreated individuals with untreated normocclusion ranging in age from 12 to 17 years old were used as comparison group. Data were statistically analyzed with independent t-tests and ANOVA test followed by Tukey post-hoc tests.RESULTSStatistically significant differences were found between T1(94.50) and T2 (98.80) as well as between T2 and T3 (94.70) for maxillary first molars. Maxillary second molars did not show any statistically significant positional changes during the evaluated time periods T1 (107.50), T2 (109.30) and T3 (106.90).CONCLUSIONAlthough maxillary first molars underwent distal crown inclination immediately after treatment, approximately five years thereafter their roots tended to upright close to the pretreatment positions. Objective: To evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic treatment. Angulation changes were compared to an untreated sample. Methods: The sample consisted of 20 patients (14 females and 6 males) with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion that was treated through molar distalization with a pendulum appliance followed by cervical headgear and full fixed appliances. Maxillary molar inclination was evaluated through panoramic radiograph. The mean age at pretreatment was 14.3 ± 1.6 years, whereas at immediate post-treatment it was 18.6 ± 1.8 years, and at long-term post-treatment it was 23.8 ± 2.0 years. A control group of 16 untreated individuals with untreated normocclusion ranging in age from 12 to 17 years old were used as comparison group. Data were statistically analyzed with independent t-tests and ANOVA test followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between T1 (94.50) and T2 (98.80) as well as between T2 and T3 (94.70) for maxillary first molars. Maxillary second molars did not show any statistically significant positional changes during the evaluated time periods T1 (107.50), T2 (109.30) and T3 (106.90). Conclusion: Although maxillary first molars underwent distal crown inclination immediately after treatment, approximately five years thereafter their roots tended to upright close to the pretreatment positions. Objetivo: avaliar a estabilidade da inclinação mesiodistal dos molares superiores cinco anos após o tratamento realizado com o aparelho Pendulum seguido de aparelho ortodôntico fixo. As mudanças na angulação foram comparadas com uma amostra não tratada. Métodos: a amostra consistiu de 20 pacientes (14 do sexo feminino e 6 do masculino) com má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1 tratados por meio da distalização dos molares com o aparelho Pendulum seguido de ancoragem extrabucal cervical e aparelho fixo. A inclinação dos molares superiores foi avaliada por meio de radiografias panorâmicas. A média da idade ao início do tratamento foi de 14,3 ± 1,6 anos; ao final do tratamento, de 18,6 ± 1,8 anos e, no longo tempo pós-tratamento, de 23,8 ± 2,0 anos. Para comparação, foi usado um grupo controle com 16 indivíduos não tratados e com oclusão normal, apresentando idades entre 12 e 17 anos. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste t independente e ANOVA, seguido do teste de Tukey. Resultados: os primeiros molares superiores apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre T1 (94,5o) e T2 (98,8o), bem como entre T2 e T3 (94,7o). Os segundos molares superiores não apresentaram alterações estatisticamente significativas no seu posicionamento durante os períodos avaliados, T1 (107,5o), T2 (109,3o) e T3 (106,9o). Conclusões: apesar de os primeiros molares superiores apresentarem inclinação distal da coroa imediatamente após o tratamento, aproximadamente cinco anos depois suas raízes tendem a ocupar posições próximas às do início do tratamento. |
Author | Henriques, José Fernando Castanha Almeida, Renato Rodrigues de Rocha, Caroline Andrade Almeida, Marcio Rodrigues de Flores-Mir, Carlos |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Associate Professor, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. Full Professor, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Department of Orthodontics, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil 4 Professor and Head Division of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 3 Full Professor, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil 5 Full Professor, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Department of Orthodontics, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil 1 MSc, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Full Professor, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil – name: 4 Professor and Head Division of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada – name: 5 Full Professor, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Department of Orthodontics, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil – name: 1 MSc, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil – name: 2 Associate Professor, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), School of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. Full Professor, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Department of Orthodontics, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil – name: University of Alberta – name: Universidade de São Paulo – name: Universidade do Norte do Paraná |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Caroline Andrade surname: Rocha fullname: Rocha, Caroline Andrade organization: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Renato Rodrigues de surname: Almeida fullname: Almeida, Renato Rodrigues de organization: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: José Fernando Castanha surname: Henriques fullname: Henriques, José Fernando Castanha organization: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Carlos surname: Flores-Mir fullname: Flores-Mir, Carlos organization: University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada – sequence: 5 givenname: Marcio Rodrigues de surname: Almeida fullname: Almeida, Marcio Rodrigues de organization: Department of Orthodontics, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics13071351 crossref_primary_10_2478_aoj_2022_033 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12565_019_00506_1 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm13072110 crossref_primary_10_1111_ocr_12447 crossref_primary_10_3390_app122211756 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ortho_2020_06_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajodo_2019_08_018 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajodo_2019_08_017 |
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Keywords | Radiography Aparelho ortodôntico Angle Class II malocclusion Orthodontic appliances Radiografia Má oclusão de Classe II |
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publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop doi: 10.1067/mod.2003.72 contributor: fullname: Melsen B – volume: 101 start-page: 221 issue: 3 year: 1992 ident: ref31 article-title: Periodontal force: a potential cause of relapse publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(92)70090-W contributor: fullname: Southard TE – year: 1986 ident: ref24 contributor: fullname: Fleiss JL – volume: 127 start-page: 219 issue: 2 year: 2005 ident: ref2 article-title: Evaluation of posttreatment changes in Class II Division 1 patients after nonextraction orthodontic treatment: cephalometric and model analysis publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.08.015 contributor: fullname: Ciger S – volume: 135 start-page: 336 issue: 3 year: 2009 ident: ref5 article-title: Comparative distalization effects of Jones jig and pendulum appliances publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.01.035 contributor: fullname: Patel MP – volume: 26 start-page: 289 issue: 3 year: 2004 ident: ref3 article-title: The role of the headgear timer in extraoral co-operation publication-title: Eur J Orthod doi: 10.1093/ejo/26.3.289 contributor: fullname: Doruk C – volume: 61 start-page: 175 issue: 3 year: 2000 end-page: 190 article-title: Modified pendulum appliance including distal screw and uprighting activation for non-compliance therapy of Class II malocclusion in children and adolescents publication-title: J Orofac Orthop – volume: 77 start-page: 206 issue: 2 year: 2007 end-page: 213 article-title: Mesiodistal root angulation using panoramic and cone beam CT publication-title: Angle Orthod – volume: 36 start-page: 103 issue: 2 year: 2009 end-page: 110 article-title: Influence of patient head positioning on measured axial tooth inclination in panoramic radiography publication-title: J Orthod – year: 1983 publication-title: Development of the dentition contributor: fullname: Van der Linden, FPGM – volume: 17 start-page: 396 issue: 6 year: 1983 end-page: 413 article-title: Nonextraction treatment publication-title: J Clin Orthod – volume: 71 start-page: 442 issue: 6 year: 2001 end-page: 451 article-title: The effect of vertical and horizontal head positioning in panoramic radiography on mesiodistal tooth angulations publication-title: Angle Orthod – volume: 127 start-page: 219 issue: 2 year: 2005 end-page: 223 article-title: Evaluation of posttreatment changes in Class II Division 1 patients after nonextraction orthodontic treatment: cephalometric and model analysis publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 117 start-page: 333 issue: 3 year: 2000 end-page: 343 article-title: Dentoalveolar and skeletal changes associated with the pendulum appliance publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 26 start-page: 289 issue: 3 year: 2004 end-page: 291 article-title: The role of the headgear timer in extraoral co-operation publication-title: Eur J Orthod – year: 1986 publication-title: The design and analysis of clinical experiments contributor: fullname: Fleiss, JL – volume: 83 start-page: 447 issue: 3 year: 2013 end-page: 454 article-title: Long-term evaluation of the molar movements following Pendulum and fixed appliances publication-title: Angle Orthod – volume: 78 start-page: 361 issue: 4 year: 1980 end-page: 370 article-title: Anterior interocclusal relations. Part I publication-title: Am J Orthod – volume: 24 start-page: 43 issue: 1 year: 2002 end-page: 52 article-title: Accuracy of linear and angular measurements on panoramic radiographs taken at various positions in vitro publication-title: Eur J Orthod – year: 2009 publication-title: Avaliação longitudinal da estabilidade do tratamento da má oclusão de classe II com o aparelho Pendulum seguido pelo aparelho fixo contributor: fullname: Alessio LE, Jr – volume: 94 start-page: 303 issue: 4 year: 1988 end-page: 310 article-title: Suitability of the panoramic radiograph for assessment of mesiodistal angulation of teeth in the buccal segments of the mandible publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 83 start-page: 735 issue: 4 year: 2013 end-page: 742 article-title: Efficiency of molar distalization associated with second and third molar eruption stage publication-title: Angle Orthod – volume: 32 start-page: 472 issue: 4 year: 2010 end-page: 476 article-title: Mesiodistal angulations of the mandibular canines, premolars and molars with or without the presence of third molars publication-title: Eur J Orthod – volume: 26 start-page: 706 issue: 11 year: 1992 end-page: 714 article-title: The pendulum appliance for Class II non-compliance therapy publication-title: J Clin Orthod – volume: 62 start-page: 296 issue: 3 year: 1972 end-page: 309 article-title: The six keys to normal occlusion publication-title: Am J Orthod – volume: 43 start-page: 63 issue: 2 year: 2013 end-page: 69 article-title: Patient radiation dose and protection from cone-beam computed tomography publication-title: Imaging Sci Dent – volume: 43 start-page: 191 issue: 3 year: 2013 end-page: 196 article-title: Evaluation of the accuracy of linear and angular measurements on panoramic radiographs taken at different positions publication-title: Imaging Sci Dent – volume: 125 start-page: 8 issue: 1 year: 2004 end-page: 23 article-title: Efficiency of a pendulum appliance for molar distalization related to second and third molar eruption stage publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 101 start-page: 221 issue: 3 year: 1992 end-page: 227 article-title: Periodontal force: a potential cause of relapse publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 130 start-page: 56 issue: 1 year: 2006 end-page: 60 article-title: Panoramic evaluation of mesiodistal axial inclinations of maxillary anterior teeth in orthodontically treated subjects publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 130 start-page: 502 issue: 4 year: 2006 end-page: 510 article-title: Sagittal, vertical, and transverse changes consequent to maxillary molar distalization with the pendulum appliance publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 135 start-page: 336 issue: 3 year: 2009 end-page: 342 article-title: Comparative distalization effects of Jones jig and pendulum appliances publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 24 start-page: 166 issue: 3 year: 1990 end-page: 173 article-title: Assessment of mesiodistal axial inclination through panoramic radiography publication-title: J Clin Orthod – volume: 46 start-page: 64 issue: 1 year: 1976 end-page: 68 article-title: A radiographic study of roots in extraction sites publication-title: Angle Orthod – volume: 129 start-page: 520 issue: 4 year: 2006 end-page: 527 article-title: Dentoalveolar and skeletal changes associated with the pendulum appliance followed by fixed orthodontic treatment publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 123 start-page: 374 issue: 4 year: 2003 end-page: 378 article-title: Distal molar movement with Kloehn headgear: is it stable? publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop – volume: 121 start-page: 166 issue: 2 year: 2002 article-title: The accuracy of 4 panoramic units in the projection of mesiodistal tooth angulations publication-title: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop |
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Snippet | To evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic... Objective: To evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of... OBJECTIVETo evaluate the stability of mesiodistal inclination of maxillary molars produced by a pendulum appliance, five years after completion of orthodontic... |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Aparelho ortodôntico Cephalometry Child Dental occlusion Dentistry DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Female Humans Male Malocclusion, Angle Class II - etiology Maxilla Molar Má oclusão de Classe II Orthodontic Appliance Design Orthodontic Appliances - adverse effects Orthodontics Radiografia Tooth Movement Techniques |
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Title | Evaluation of long-term stability of mesiodistal axial inclinations of maxillary molars through panoramic radiographs in subjects treated with Pendulum appliance |
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