The Effect of the Ketogenic Diet on Adiponectin, Omentin and Vaspin in Children with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 14; no. 3; p. 479
• Main Authors: Chyra, Marcin, Roczniak, Wojciech, Świętochowska, Elżbieta, Dudzińska, Magdalena, Oświęcimska, Joanna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 22-01-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adiponectin; Adiponectin - metabolism; Age; Biochemical tests; Body fat; Body height; Body Mass Index; Body weight; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Children & youth; Convulsions & seizures; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Diet; Diet, Ketogenic; Dietary supplements; Drug resistance; Drug Resistant Epilepsy - diet therapy; Drug Resistant Epilepsy - metabolism; Drug therapy; drug-resistant epilepsy; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Epilepsy; Fasting; Glucose; GPI-Linked Proteins - metabolism; High fat diet; Humans; Infections; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Ketogenesis; ketogenic diet; Kinases; Lectins - metabolism; Lipids; Low carbohydrate diet; Metabolism; Molecular weight; Obesity; omentin-1; Physiology; Proteins; Serpins - metabolism; Serum levels; Triglycerides; Valproic acid; vaspin; drug-resistant epilepsy; adiponectin; omentin-1; children; ketogenic diet; vaspin
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu14030479

Changes in adipokine secretion may be involved in the anti-epileptic effect of a ketogenic diet (KD) in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).
The assessment of the influence of KD on serum adiponectin, omentin-1, and vaspin in children with DRE.
Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI, and waist-to-hip circumference ratio) were performed in 72 children aged 3-9 years, divided into 3 groups: 24 children with DRE treated with KD, 26-treated with valproic acid (VPA), and a control group of 22 children. Biochemical tests included fasting glucose, insulin, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, lipid profile, aminotransferases activities, and blood gasometry. Serum levels of adiponectin, omentin-1 and vaspin were assayed using commercially available ELISA tests.
Serum levels of adiponectin and omentin-1 in the KD group were significantly higher and vaspin-lower in comparison to patients receiving VPA and the control group. In all examined children, serum adiponectin and omentin-1 correlated negatively with WHR and serum triglycerides, insulin, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR. Vaspin levels correlated negatively with serum triglycerides and positively with body weight, BMI, fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR.
One of the potential mechanisms of KD in children with drug-resistant epilepsy may be a modulation of metabolically beneficial and anti-inflammatory adipokine levels.