Association of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) with Depressive Symptoms in the United States Population and Independent Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in an IBD Population: A NHANES Study

• Published in: Gut and liver Vol. 11; no. 4; pp. 512 - 519
• Main Authors: Bhandari, Sanjay, Larson, Michael E, Kumar, Nilay, Stein, Daniel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 01-07-2017; Gastroenterology Council for Gut and Liver; 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Depression - epidemiology; Depression - etiology; depressive; Female; Humans; Incidence; inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - psychology; Male; Marital Status; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; national survey; Nutrition Surveys; Original; population; Prevalence; Risk Factors; united states; United States - epidemiology; Young Adult; 내과학; Inflammatory bowel disease; Depressive; Population; United States; National survey
• ISSN: 1976-2283; 2005-1212
• DOI: 10.5009/gnl16347

There is a paucity of population-based studies on the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and depression in the U.S. population. We sought to study this association using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.
We used NHANES data from 2009 to 2010. Our study included 190,269,933 U.S. adults without IBD and 2,325,226 with IBD. We sought to determine whether IBD is an independent risk factor for depressive symptoms (DS) in the U.S. population and studied the independent predictors of DS in IBD population.
DS was present in 49% of the IBD population versus 23% of the non-IBD population (p<0.001). During the multivariate analysis, we found that IBD was independently associated with DS in the U.S. population (p=0.002). The independent predictors of DS in the IBD population were older age (p=0.048) and divorced/separated/widowed status (p=0.005). There was nonsignificant increase in suicidal risk in IBD population with DS versus that in non-IBD population with DS (27% vs 12%, respectively, p=0.080). Only 36% of IBD individuals with DS visited mental health professional or psychiatrist within the past year.
IBD is independently associated with DS in the U.S. population. Further research is warranted on risk stratification, screening and management of those with IBD who are at risk of depression.