Validation of the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised Using Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 10; no. 2; p. 154
• Main Authors: Toffano, Roseli B D, Hillesheim, Elaine, Mathias, Mariana G, Coelho-Landell, Carolina A, Salomão, Roberta G, Almada, Maria O R V, Camarneiro, Joyce M, Barros, Tamiris T, Camelo-Junior, José S, Rezzi, Serge, Goulet, Laurence, Giner, Maria P, Silva, Laeticia Da, Martin, Francois-Pierre, Montoliu, Ivan, Moco, Sofia, Collino, Sebastiano, Kaput, Jim, Monteiro, Jacqueline P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 30-01-2018; MDPI
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - ethnology; Adolescents; Animal protein; Ascorbic acid; beta Carotene - administration & dosage; beta Carotene - blood; beta Carotene - metabolism; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Biomarkers - metabolism; Brazil; Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised; Child; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena - ethnology; Children; Correlation analysis; Covariance; Creatine; Diet, Healthy - ethnology; Epidemiology; Erythrocytes; Erythrocytes - metabolism; Exposure; Fabaceae - chemistry; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - blood; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - administration & dosage; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - blood; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - metabolism; Food consumption; Food sources; Fruit - chemistry; Humans; Intakes; Legumes; Longitudinal Studies; Metabolomics; Nutrition Assessment; Nutritive Value; Patient Compliance - ethnology; Protein sources; Pyridoxine; Riboflavin; Riboflavin - administration & dosage; Riboflavin - blood; Riboflavin - metabolism; Seeds - chemistry; Self Report; Teenagers; Vegetables; Vegetables - chemistry; Vitamin A; Vitamin C; β-Carotene; Brazil; adolescents; children; Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised; biomarkers
• DOI: 10.3390/nu10020154
• EISSN: 2072-6643

The Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) can be used to determine overall dietary patterns. We assessed the BHEI-R scores in children and adolescents, aged from 9 to 13 years old, and associated its component scores with biomarkers of health and dietary exposure. Three 24-h recalls were used to generate BHEI-R. Biomarkers were analyzed in plasma and red blood cells. Correlation tests, agreement, and covariance analyses were used to associate BHEI-R components with biomarkers. Data from 167 subjects were used. The strongest correlations were between fruits, vegetables and legumes with omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, and β-carotene intakes. Milk and dairy correlated with plasma retinol and pyridoxine. All components rich in vegetable and animal protein sources correlated with plasma creatine. Total BHEI-R scores were positively associated with intakes of omega-6, omega-3, fiber and vitamin C, and inversely associated with energy and saturated fat intakes of individuals. Plasma β-carotene and riboflavin biomarkers were positively associated with total BHEI-R. An inadequate food consumption pattern was captured by both biomarkers of health and dietary exposure. BHEI-R was validated for the above dietary components and can be associated with metabolomics and nutritional epidemiological data in future pediatric studies.