A Self-Calibrating IoT Portable Electrochemical Immunosensor for Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 as a Tumor Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer

Nowadays, analytical techniques are moving towards the development of smart biosensing strategies for the point-of-care accurate screening of disease biomarkers, such as human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a recently discovered serum marker for early ovarian cancer diagnosis. In this context, the pres...

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Published in:	Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 20; no. 7; p. 2016
Main Authors:	Bianchi, Valentina, Mattarozzi, Monica, Giannetto, Marco, Boni, Andrea, De Munari, Ilaria, Careri, Maria
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI AG 03-04-2020 MDPI
Subjects:	Algorithms Antigens Biomarkers Biomarkers, Tumor - blood Biomarkers, Tumor - standards Calibration Cancer therapies Communication competitive electrochemical immunosensor Data processing Diagnostic software Diagnostic systems Electrochemical Techniques Electrodes Enzymes Female Gynecology human epididymis protein 4 Humans Immunoassay Immunoassay - methods Immunoassay - standards Immunosensors Internet of Things Interpolation Limit of Detection Magnetics Medical prognosis on-board calibration Ovarian cancer Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnosis Phosphatase Point-of-Care Systems Portable equipment Proteins Software Voltammetry WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2 - analysis WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2 - standards WiFi portable potentiostat United Kingdom > UK Italy WiFi portable potentiostat Internet of Things on-board calibration human epididymis protein 4 competitive electrochemical immunosensor
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Abstract	Nowadays, analytical techniques are moving towards the development of smart biosensing strategies for the point-of-care accurate screening of disease biomarkers, such as human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a recently discovered serum marker for early ovarian cancer diagnosis. In this context, the present work represents the first implementation of a competitive enzyme-labelled magneto-immunoassay exploiting a homemade IoT Wi-Fi cloud-based portable potentiostat for differential pulse voltammetry readout. The electrochemical device was specifically designed to be capable of autonomous calibration and data processing, switching between calibration, and measurement modes: in particular, firstly, a baseline estimation algorithm is applied for correct peak computation, then calibration function is built by interpolating data with a four-parameter logistic function. The calibration function parameters are stored on the cloud for inverse prediction to determine the concentration of unknown samples. Interpolation function calibration and concentration evaluation are performed directly on-board, thus reducing the power consumption. The analytical device was validated in human serum, demonstrating good sensing performance for analysis of HE4 with detection and quantitation limits in human serum of 3.5 and 29.2 pM, respectively, reaching the sensitivity that is required for diagnostic purposes, with high potential for applications as portable and smart diagnostic tool for point-of-care testing.
AbstractList	Nowadays, analytical techniques are moving towards the development of smart biosensing strategies for the point-of-care accurate screening of disease biomarkers, such as human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a recently discovered serum marker for early ovarian cancer diagnosis. In this context, the present work represents the first implementation of a competitive enzyme-labelled magneto-immunoassay exploiting a homemade IoT Wi-Fi cloud-based portable potentiostat for differential pulse voltammetry readout. The electrochemical device was specifically designed to be capable of autonomous calibration and data processing, switching between calibration, and measurement modes: in particular, firstly, a baseline estimation algorithm is applied for correct peak computation, then calibration function is built by interpolating data with a four-parameter logistic function. The calibration function parameters are stored on the cloud for inverse prediction to determine the concentration of unknown samples. Interpolation function calibration and concentration evaluation are performed directly on-board, thus reducing the power consumption. The analytical device was validated in human serum, demonstrating good sensing performance for analysis of HE4 with detection and quantitation limits in human serum of 3.5 and 29.2 pM, respectively, reaching the sensitivity that is required for diagnostic purposes, with high potential for applications as portable and smart diagnostic tool for point-of-care testing.
Author	Giannetto, Marco Bianchi, Valentina Careri, Maria Boni, Andrea Mattarozzi, Monica De Munari, Ilaria
AuthorAffiliation	2 Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; maria.careri@unipr.it 1 Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; valentina.bianchi@unipr.it (V.B.); andrea.boni@unipr.it (A.B.); ilaria.demunari@unipr.it (I.D.M.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; maria.careri@unipr.it – name: 1 Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; valentina.bianchi@unipr.it (V.B.); andrea.boni@unipr.it (A.B.); ilaria.demunari@unipr.it (I.D.M.)
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SubjectTerms	Algorithms Antigens Biomarkers Biomarkers, Tumor - blood Biomarkers, Tumor - standards Calibration Cancer therapies Communication competitive electrochemical immunosensor Data processing Diagnostic software Diagnostic systems Electrochemical Techniques Electrodes Enzymes Female Gynecology human epididymis protein 4 Humans Immunoassay Immunoassay - methods Immunoassay - standards Immunosensors Internet of Things Interpolation Limit of Detection Magnetics Medical prognosis on-board calibration Ovarian cancer Ovarian Neoplasms - diagnosis Phosphatase Point-of-Care Systems Portable equipment Proteins Software Voltammetry WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2 - analysis WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2 - standards WiFi portable potentiostat
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Title	A Self-Calibrating IoT Portable Electrochemical Immunosensor for Serum Human Epididymis Protein 4 as a Tumor Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32260240 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2387141546 https://search.proquest.com/docview/2387663688 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7180438 https://doaj.org/article/ed9f2027b8904526980141f80aa9d0a5
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