Effect of iron and nickel substitution on the piezoelectric properties of PZT type ceramics

• Published in: Journal of the European Ceramic Society Vol. 25; no. 12; pp. 2397 - 2400
• Main Authors: Miclea, C., Tanasoiu, C., Miclea, C.F., Amarande, L., Gheorghiu, A., Sima, F.N.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 2005; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Building materials. Ceramics. Glasses; Ceramic industries; Chemical industry and chemicals; Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties; Dielectric properties; Dielectric, piezoelectric, ferroelectric and antiferroelectric materials; Dielectrics, piezoelectrics, and ferroelectrics and their properties; Electrotechnical and electronic ceramics; Exact sciences and technology; Niobates, titanates, tantalates, pzt ceramics, etc; Perovskite; Physics; Piezoelectric properties; PZT; Sintering; Technical ceramics; Piezoelectric properties; Perovskite; PZT; Dielectric properties; Sintering; Perovskite type compound; Electrical properties; Property composition relationship; Lead titanates; Bismuth addition; Experimental study; X ray diffraction; Oxide ceramics; Lead zirconates; Ion substitution; Iron addition; Nickel addition; Manufacturing; Lead Titanates Zirconates; Electroceramics
• ISSN: 0955-2219; 1873-619X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.03.069

The effect of Fe and Ni doping on piezoelectric properties of a soft type piezoelectric material was investigated. The materials composition was as follows: Pb
0.95Bi
0.03Nb
0.02Zr
0.51Ti
0.49−
x
M
x
O
3, where M stands for the transitional metals Fe or Ni and
x
=
0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 and 0.10. The materials were prepared by the conventional ceramic technique. X-ray diffractograms showed that compounds were completely formed and they were situated in the nanometric range with an average crystallite size of about 95
nm. The optimum amounts of doping for both types of transitional elements were situated somewhere around
x
=
0.06 with better results for nickel doped samples. The maximum density for 0.06 nickel doped material was 7.87 and 7.80
g/cm
3 for iron doped one. The electromechanical coupling factor
k
p for 0.06 nickel doped samples was 0.665 while for the correspondingly iron doped ones it was 0.638. The relative dielectric constant was about 4050 for nickel doped samples and 3400 for iron doped ones. The corresponding values for the charge constant
d
33 were 625 and 530
pm/V, respectively. These results were discussed in terms of the positions occupied by Ni and Fe into the lattice, the type of vacancies created by this and the shift of the morphotropic phase boundary.