Risk of Death in Dual-eligible Nursing Home Residents Using Typical or Atypical Antipsychotic Agents
Background: Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. Objective: To examine the comparative risk of death in dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents using typical and atypical agents. Methods: A retrospective cohort design matc...
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Published in: | Medical care Vol. 50; no. 11; pp. 961 - 969 |
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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
01-11-2012
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Abstract | Background: Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. Objective: To examine the comparative risk of death in dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents using typical and atypical agents. Methods: A retrospective cohort design matched on propensity score was used to examine the risk of death due to antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents 65 years or older from four states. New typical and atypical users in nursing homes were followed for 6 months after the exposure without any censoring. The risk of death was modeled using the Cox proportional model and the extended Cox hazard model stratified on matched pairs based on propensity score. Results: The unadjusted mortality rate was 18.42% for atypical antipsychotic users and 24.06% for typical antipsychotic users. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model revealed significant increased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-1.57] among typical users when compared with atypical users. The extended Cox model, used due to the violation of proportional hazards assumption, revealed that risk of death was nearly twice as great among typical antipsychotic users within 40 days of antipsychotic treatment (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49-2.18) when compared with atypical users. However, moderate increase in risk (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09-1.42] was observed for 40-180 days of typical antipsychotic exposure. Conclusions: The use of typical antipsychotic agents was associated with highest risk of all-cause mortality within 40 days of typical antipsychotic use when compared with atypical use, and the risk decreased after 40 days among dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents. |
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AbstractList | Background: Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. Objective: To examine the comparative risk of death in dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents using typical and atypical agents. Methods: A retrospective cohort design matched on propensity score was used to examine the risk of death due to antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents 65 years or older from four states. New typical and atypical users in nursing homes were followed for 6 months after the exposure without any censoring. The risk of death was modeled using the Cox proportional model and the extended Cox hazard model stratified on matched pairs based on propensity score. Results: The unadjusted mortality rate was 18.42% for atypical antipsychotic users and 24.06% for typical antipsychotic users. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model revealed significant increased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-1.57] among typical users when compared with atypical users. The extended Cox model, used due to the violation of proportional hazards assumption, revealed that risk of death was nearly twice as great among typical antipsychotic users within 40 days of antipsychotic treatment (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49-2.18) when compared with atypical users. However, moderate increase in risk (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09-1.42] was observed for 40-180 days of typical antipsychotic exposure. Conclusions: The use of typical antipsychotic agents was associated with highest risk of all-cause mortality within 40 days of typical antipsychotic use when compared with atypical use, and the risk decreased after 40 days among dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents. BACKGROUND:Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. OBJECTIVE:To examine the comparative risk of death in dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents using typical and atypical agents. METHODS:A retrospective cohort design matched on propensity score was used to examine the risk of death due to antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents 65 years or older from four states. New typical and atypical users in nursing homes were followed for 6 months after the exposure without any censoring. The risk of death was modeled using the Cox proportional model and the extended Cox hazard model stratified on matched pairs based on propensity score. RESULTS:The unadjusted mortality rate was 18.42% for atypical antipsychotic users and 24.06% for typical antipsychotic users. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model revealed significant increased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27–1.57] among typical users when compared with atypical users. The extended Cox model, used due to the violation of proportional hazards assumption, revealed that risk of death was nearly twice as great among typical antipsychotic users within 40 days of antipsychotic treatment (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49–2.18) when compared with atypical users. However, moderate increase in risk (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09–1.42] was observed for 40–180 days of typical antipsychotic exposure. CONCLUSIONS:The use of typical antipsychotic agents was associated with highest risk of all-cause mortality within 40 days of typical antipsychotic use when compared with atypical use, and the risk decreased after 40 days among dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents. Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. To examine the comparative risk of death in dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents using typical and atypical agents. A retrospective cohort design matched on propensity score was used to examine the risk of death due to antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents 65 years or older from four states. New typical and atypical users in nursing homes were followed for 6 months after the exposure without any censoring. The risk of death was modeled using the Cox proportional model and the extended Cox hazard model stratified on matched pairs based on propensity score. The unadjusted mortality rate was 18.42% for atypical antipsychotic users and 24.06% for typical antipsychotic users. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model revealed significant increased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-1.57] among typical users when compared with atypical users. The extended Cox model, used due to the violation of proportional hazards assumption, revealed that risk of death was nearly twice as great among typical antipsychotic users within 40 days of antipsychotic treatment (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49-2.18) when compared with atypical users. However, moderate increase in risk (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09-1.42] was observed for 40-180 days of typical antipsychotic exposure. The use of typical antipsychotic agents was associated with highest risk of all-cause mortality within 40 days of typical antipsychotic use when compared with atypical use, and the risk decreased after 40 days among dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents. BACKGROUNDAntipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations.OBJECTIVETo examine the comparative risk of death in dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents using typical and atypical agents.METHODSA retrospective cohort design matched on propensity score was used to examine the risk of death due to antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents 65 years or older from four states. New typical and atypical users in nursing homes were followed for 6 months after the exposure without any censoring. The risk of death was modeled using the Cox proportional model and the extended Cox hazard model stratified on matched pairs based on propensity score.RESULTSThe unadjusted mortality rate was 18.42% for atypical antipsychotic users and 24.06% for typical antipsychotic users. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model revealed significant increased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-1.57] among typical users when compared with atypical users. The extended Cox model, used due to the violation of proportional hazards assumption, revealed that risk of death was nearly twice as great among typical antipsychotic users within 40 days of antipsychotic treatment (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49-2.18) when compared with atypical users. However, moderate increase in risk (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09-1.42] was observed for 40-180 days of typical antipsychotic exposure.CONCLUSIONSThe use of typical antipsychotic agents was associated with highest risk of all-cause mortality within 40 days of typical antipsychotic use when compared with atypical use, and the risk decreased after 40 days among dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents. Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. To examine the comparative risk of death in dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents using typical and atypical agents. A retrospective cohort design matched on propensity score was used to examine the risk of death due to antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents 65 years or older from four states. New typical and atypical users in nursing homes were followed for 6 months after the exposure without any censoring. The risk of death was modeled using the Cox proportional model and the extended Cox hazard model stratified on matched pairs based on propensity score. The unadjusted mortality rate was 18.42% for atypical antipsychotic users and 24.06% for typical antipsychotic users. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model revealed significant increased risk of death [hazard ratio (HR), 1.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-1.57] among typical users when compared with atypical users. The extended Cox model, used due to the violation of proportional hazards assumption, revealed that risk of death was nearly twice as great among typical antipsychotic users within 40 days of antipsychotic treatment (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.49-2.18) when compared with atypical users. However, moderate increase in risk (HR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.09-1.42] was observed for 40-180 days of typical antipsychotic exposure. The use of typical antipsychotic agents was associated with highest risk of all-cause mortality within 40 days of typical antipsychotic use when compared with atypical use, and the risk decreased after 40 days among dual-eligible elderly nursing home residents. |
Author | Aparasu, Rajender R. Chatterjee, Satabdi Mehta, Sandhya Chen, Hua |
AuthorAffiliation | Department of Clinical Sciences and Administration, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX |
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BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23047786$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Cites_doi | 10.7326/0003-4819-146-11-200706050-00006 10.1080/10673220500433247 10.4088/JCP.08m04597yel 10.1001/jama.294.15.1934 10.1503/cmaj.061250 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00566.x 10.5034/inquiryjrnl_42.2.171 10.1001/archpsyc.58.12.1161 10.1001/archinte.1997.00440390083011 10.1017/S1041610205002243 10.1097/01.JGP.0000200589.01396.6d 10.1016/j.amjopharm.2006.09.011 10.1093/aje/kwj149 10.3310/hta7130 10.1001/archinte.168.10.1090 10.2202/1557-4679.1146 10.2307/2532304 10.1056/NEJMoa052827 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2006.00130.x 10.1097/JGP.0b013e31819b8936 10.1016/j.amjopharm.2008.10.003 10.1097/JGP.0b013e31802d0b00 10.1080/00048670701519864 10.1176/ps.2007.58.11.1400 |
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Snippet | Background: Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. Objective: To examine the comparative... BACKGROUND:Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. OBJECTIVE:To examine the comparative... Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. To examine the comparative risk of death in... Antipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations. To examine the comparative risk of death in... BACKGROUNDAntipsychotic use among dual-eligible nursing home residents is a concern for cost and safety considerations.OBJECTIVETo examine the comparative risk... |
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SubjectTerms | Aged Aged, 80 and over Antipsychotic agents Antipsychotic Agents - administration & dosage Antipsychotic Agents - classification Death Dementia Female Health hazards Homes for the Aged - statistics & numerical data Humans Kaplan-Meier Estimate Male Medicaid Medicaid - statistics & numerical data Medical treatment Medicare Medicare - statistics & numerical data Mortality Nursing homes Nursing Homes - statistics & numerical data Older adults Older people Prescription drugs Proportional Hazards Models Regression analysis Retrospective Studies Risk Assessment Time Factors United States - epidemiology |
Title | Risk of Death in Dual-eligible Nursing Home Residents Using Typical or Atypical Antipsychotic Agents |
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