Impact of solvent/detergent treatment of plasma on transfusion-relevant bacteria

• Published in: Vox sanguinis Vol. 102; no. 4; pp. 277 - 284
• Main Authors: Chou, M.-L., Wu, Y.-W., Su, C.-Y., Lee, L.-W., Burnouf, T.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-05-2012; S. Karger AG
• Subjects: Antimicrobial agents; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus subtilis; Bacteria; Bacteria - drug effects; Bacteria - growth & development; blood establishments; Blood products; Blood Transfusion - standards; Complement System Proteins; Detergents - pharmacology; Enterobacter cloacae; Escherichia coli; filtration; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Pathogens; Plasma; Plasma - drug effects; Plasma - microbiology; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; solvent-detergent; Solvents - chemistry; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Transfusion Reaction; viral inactivation
• ISSN: 0042-9007; 1423-0410
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2011.01560.x

Background  A solvent/detergent (S/D) treatment in a medical device has been developed for pathogen reduction of plasma for transfusion. Impact of S/D on bacterial growth and on the capacity of complement to kill bacteria has been investigated in this study.
Study design and methods  A pool of apheresis plasma from four donors was spiked with eight transfusion‐relevant bacteria. Plasma was treated with 1% tri(n‐butyl) phosphate and 1% Triton X‐45 at 31°C for 90 min and then extracted by oil at 31°C for 70 min. Decomplemented plasma and Phosphate Buffer Saline were used as controls. Bacterial count was determined in samples taken immediately after spiking, or after S/D and oil treatment. Similar experiments were conducted using three individual recovered plasma donations. Bacteria growth inhibition tests were performed using discs soaked with plasma samples whether containing the S/D agents or not.
Results  The mean reduction factors of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae due to complement during S/D treatment were >8·75, 4·71, and 4·18 log in pooled plasma and >7·42, 2·24 and >6·08 log in individual plasmas, respectively. Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis were inactivated by S/D (>7·04 and 1·60 log in pooled, and >6·06 and 2·39 in individual plasmas, respectively). Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter cloacae did not multiply during S/D treatment of plasma. Growth inhibition tests revealed an inhibition of three Gram‐negative bacteria by complement and all Gram‐positive by S/D.
Conclusion  The S/D treatment of plasma does not alter the bactericidal activity of complement, and inactivates some Gram‐positive bacteria.