Bone densitometry status and its associated factors in peri and post menopausal females: A cross sectional study from a tertiary care centre in India
Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone strength that increases the risk of fracture at instances of trivial trauma. Asians have a lower bone mass than the west. The present study was designed to add data from India on women above the age of 40 years with respect to low...
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| Published in: | Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecology Vol. 57; no. 1; pp. 100 - 105 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01-02-2018
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| Abstract | Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone strength that increases the risk of fracture at instances of trivial trauma. Asians have a lower bone mass than the west. The present study was designed to add data from India on women above the age of 40 years with respect to low bone mineral density (BMD) and its associated high risk factors.
After a written informed consent, a detailed history was taken. Basal metabolic index was recorded, and biochemical and endocrine tests were done, followed by dual X ray absorptiometry scan.
Average age of the study population was 46.54 years and BMI 26.58. The prevalence of osteopenia in the study was 36%, and that of osteoporosis, 4%; the overall prevalence of low BMD being 40%. Proportion of women with low BMD increased with advancing age and menopausal status. On endocrine evaluation, 53.44% cases with insufficient vitamin D, 62.5% with hyperparathyroidism, 100% with hypothyroidism, 75% with hyperthyroidism suffered from low BMD. Among chronic diseases, 75% women with diabetes, 33.3% with hypertension, 25% with deranged liver function and 50% with rheumatoid arthritis were found to have low BMD. 46.75% women with sun exposure less than one hour daily had poor bone mineralization. The proportion of women with normal BMD decreased from 84.09% to 43.33% with decrease in daily physical work. On logistic regression analysis, insufficient serum vitamin D concentrations, less physical work and inadequate sun exposure were found to be significantly associated with low BMD.
Low BMD is not a disorder confined to postmenopausal women alone. It is widely prevalent in women above 40 years of age. Screening women above 40 in the absence of any high risk factors has the potential of nipping this silent killer in the bud. |
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| AbstractList | Objective: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone strength that increases the risk of fracture at instances of trivial trauma. Asians have a lower bone mass than the west. The present study was designed to add data from India on women above the age of 40 years with respect to low bone mineral density (BMD) and its associated high risk factors. Materials and Methods: After a written informed consent, a detailed history was taken. Basal metabolic index was recorded, and biochemical and endocrine tests were done, followed by dual X ray absorptiometry scan. Results: Average age of the study population was 46.54 years and BMI 26.58. The prevalence of osteopenia in the study was 36%, and that of osteoporosis, 4%; the overall prevalence of low BMD being 40%. Proportion of women with low BMD increased with advancing age and menopausal status. On endocrine evaluation, 53.44% cases with insufficient vitamin D, 62.5% with hyperparathyroidism, 100% with hypothyroidism, 75% with hyperthyroidism suffered from low BMD. Among chronic diseases, 75% women with diabetes, 33.3% with hypertension, 25% with deranged liver function and 50% with rheumatoid arthritis were found to have low BMD. 46.75% women with sun exposure less than one hour daily had poor bone mineralization. The proportion of women with normal BMD decreased from 84.09% to 43.33% with decrease in daily physical work. On logistic regression analysis, insufficient serum vitamin D concentrations, less physical work and inadequate sun exposure were found to be significantly associated with low BMD. Conclusion: Low BMD is not a disorder confined to postmenopausal women alone. It is widely prevalent in women above 40 years of age. Screening women above 40 in the absence of any high risk factors has the potential of nipping this silent killer in the bud. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by diminished bone strength that increases the risk of fracture at instances of trivial trauma. Asians have a lower bone mass than the west. The present study was designed to add data from India on women above the age of 40 years with respect to low bone mineral density (BMD) and its associated high risk factors. After a written informed consent, a detailed history was taken. Basal metabolic index was recorded, and biochemical and endocrine tests were done, followed by dual X ray absorptiometry scan. Average age of the study population was 46.54 years and BMI 26.58. The prevalence of osteopenia in the study was 36%, and that of osteoporosis, 4%; the overall prevalence of low BMD being 40%. Proportion of women with low BMD increased with advancing age and menopausal status. On endocrine evaluation, 53.44% cases with insufficient vitamin D, 62.5% with hyperparathyroidism, 100% with hypothyroidism, 75% with hyperthyroidism suffered from low BMD. Among chronic diseases, 75% women with diabetes, 33.3% with hypertension, 25% with deranged liver function and 50% with rheumatoid arthritis were found to have low BMD. 46.75% women with sun exposure less than one hour daily had poor bone mineralization. The proportion of women with normal BMD decreased from 84.09% to 43.33% with decrease in daily physical work. On logistic regression analysis, insufficient serum vitamin D concentrations, less physical work and inadequate sun exposure were found to be significantly associated with low BMD. Low BMD is not a disorder confined to postmenopausal women alone. It is widely prevalent in women above 40 years of age. Screening women above 40 in the absence of any high risk factors has the potential of nipping this silent killer in the bud. |
| Author | Arora, Devendra Shukla, Lovely Chawla, Jaya Sharma, Neena Arora, Manisha |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jaya surname: Chawla fullname: Chawla, Jaya email: jayachawla51@yahoo.com organization: Department of OB GYN, PGIMER & Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Neena surname: Sharma fullname: Sharma, Neena organization: Department of OB GYN, ACMS & BHDC, New Delhi, India – sequence: 3 givenname: Devendra surname: Arora fullname: Arora, Devendra organization: Department of OB GYN, Command Hospital, (SC), Pune, India – sequence: 4 givenname: Manisha surname: Arora fullname: Arora, Manisha organization: Department of Community Medicine, ACMS & BHDC, New Delhi, India – sequence: 5 givenname: Lovely surname: Shukla fullname: Shukla, Lovely organization: Army College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_4103_jmh_jmh_207_21 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tjog_2019_09_013 crossref_primary_10_1155_2021_4757991 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tjog_2020_03_029 crossref_primary_10_1039_D3FO00531C crossref_primary_10_1007_s00223_022_00981_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jocd_2024_101470 |
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| Keywords | Osteoporosis Menopause Bone mineral density |
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| Title | Bone densitometry status and its associated factors in peri and post menopausal females: A cross sectional study from a tertiary care centre in India |
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