Interleukin-6 and C-Reactive Protein Are Overexpressed in the Liver of Perinatal Deaths Diagnosed with Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome

• Published in: Disease markers Vol. 2014; no. 2014; pp. 1 - 7
• Main Authors: Castellano, Lúcio Roberto, Ramalho, Fernando S., Corrêa, Rosana Rosa Miranda, Pereira, Lívia Helena M., Reis, Marlene Antônia dos, Guimarães, Camila S. O., Vinícius da Silva, Marcos, Machado, Juliana Reis, Olegário, Janaínna Grazielle Pacheco, Rocha, Laura Penna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cairo, Egypt Hindawi Puplishing Corporation 01-01-2014; Hindawi Publishing Corporation; John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subjects: C-reactive protein; C-Reactive Protein - genetics; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal diseases; Fetal Diseases - metabolism; Fetal Diseases - mortality; Gene Expression; Health aspects; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-6 - genetics; Interleukin-6 - metabolism; Liver; Liver - metabolism; Patient outcomes; Perinatal Death; Physiological aspects; Pregnancy; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - metabolism; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - mortality; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism
• ISSN: 0278-0240; 1875-8630
• DOI: 10.1155/2014/252780

Anatomopathologic studies have failed to define the fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) as a cause of fetal death. Here, liver fragments of perinatal autopsies were collected at a university hospital from 1990 to 2009 and classified according to the cause of death, perinatal stress, and gestational age (GA) of the fetus. IL-6, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) expression were immunostained, respectively, with primary antibody. Cases with congenital malformation, ascending infection, and perinatal anoxia showed increased IL-6, CRP, and TNF-α, respectively. Prematures presented higher expression of IL-6 whereas term births showed higher expression of CRP. Cases classified as acute stress presented higher expression of IL-6 and TNF-α and cases with chronic stress presented higher expression of CRP. GA correlated negatively with IL-6 and positively with CRP and TNF-α. Body weight correlated negatively with IL-6 and positively with CRP and TNF-α. Despite the diagnosis of FIRS being clinical and based on serum parameters, the findings in the current study allow the inference of FIRS diagnosis in the autopsied infants, based on an in situ liver analysis of these markers.