A high-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia derived from a complete hydatidiform mole with coexisting fetus identified by short tandem repeats analysis: A case report

• Published in: Case reports in women's health Vol. 31; p. e00336
• Main Authors: Taira, Yusuke, Shimoji, Yuko, Nakasone, Tadaharu, Arakaki, Yoshihisa, Nakamoto, Tomoko, Kinjo, Tadatsugu, Kudaka, Wataru, Mekaru, Keiko, Aoki, Yoichi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01-07-2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: Choriocarcinoma; Complete hydatidiform mole coexisting fetus; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia; Persistent trophoblastic disease; Short tandem repeat; Choriocarcinoma; Persistent trophoblastic disease; Complete hydatidiform mole coexisting fetus; Short tandem repeat; Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
• ISSN: 2214-9112; 2214-9112
• DOI: 10.1016/j.crwh.2021.e00336

A complete hydatidiform mole coexisting with a fetus (CHMCF) is a rare form of twin pregnancy. High-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) can occur after a CHMCF pregnancy, although the frequency is low. In cases of GTN, the clinical diagnosis and that based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) scoring system can differ. This case report concerns a patient with a choriocarcinoma that was initially diagnosed and treated as a low-risk stage III GTN following a live birth from a CHMCF pregnancy. We used short tandem repeat (STR) analysis to identify the causative pregnancy as the patient's earlier complete hydatidiform mole. Clinicians should anticipate a high-risk GTN when treating persistent trophoblastic disease (PTD) in patients with a non-typical course.
•A fetus and a complete hydatidiform mole can coexist as a twin pregnancy.•A complete hydatidiform mole coexisting with a fetus can rarely cause choriocarcinoma.•Short tandem repeat analysis can be used to identify causative pregnancies.•Causative pregnancy is a risk factor for persistent trophoblastic disease.