HIV infection and primary resistance to antituberculosis drugs in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire

• Published in: AIDS (London) Vol. 6; no. 11; p. 1327
• Main Authors: Braun, M M, Kilburn, J O, Smithwick, R W, Coulibaly, I M, Coulibaly, D, Silcox, V A, Gnaore, E, Adjorlolo, G, De Cock, K M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01-11-1992
• Subjects: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - complications; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - drug therapy; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - epidemiology; Antitubercular Agents - therapeutic use; Cote d'Ivoire - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Resistance, Microbial; HIV Infections - complications; HIV-1; HIV-2; Humans; Mycobacterium tuberculosis - drug effects; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - complications; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - drug therapy; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - epidemiology; Cote d'Ivoire
• ISSN: 0269-9370
• DOI: 10.1097/00002030-199211000-00014

To determine the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs, and to relate this resistance to HIV serologic status.
Cross-sectional prevalence study.
The two major outpatient tuberculosis clinics in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa.
Sixty individuals with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and sputum smears positive for acid-fast bacilli.
HIV serologic status and in vitro testing for susceptibility of M. tuberculosis isolates to antituberculosis drugs.
M. tuberculosis was isolated from 82% (49 out of 60) of sputum specimens. Thirty-five per cent (17 out of 49) were obtained from HIV-seropositive and 65% (32 out of 49) from HIV-seronegative patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of resistant isolates from HIV-seropositive versus HIV-seronegative patients, although the relatively small sample size limited power. Of the total number of isolates, 17% were resistant to isoniazid; resistance was less to streptomycin (7%), rifampin (2%), pyrazinamide (0%), and ethambutol (0%). Eighteen and 21% of mycobacterial isolates from HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative individuals, respectively, were resistant to one or more of these drugs.
Surveys of this type are useful in planning and evaluating tuberculosis preventive therapy in individuals with dual infection.