Effects of ammonium sulfate on growth of larval Northwestern salamanders, red-legged and Pacific treefrog tadpoles, and juvenile fathead minnows

• Published in: Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology Vol. 64; no. 2; pp. 271 - 278
• Main Authors: Nebeker, A.V, Schuytema, G.S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Springer-Verlag 01-02-2000; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agnatha. Pisces; agricultural regions; Ambystoma; Ambystoma gracile; Ammonium; ammonium chloride; ammonium fertilizers; ammonium nitrate; ammonium sulfate; Ammonium Sulfate - toxicity; Amphibians; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Animals; Anura; Applied ecology; Biological and medical sciences; Caudata; Cyprinidae; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution; Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates; Freshwater; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Larva - drug effects; Larva - growth & development; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; Pimephales promelas; Pseudacris regilla; Rana; Rana aurora; Ranidae; Reptilia; Reptilia. Amphibia; Species Specificity; Survival Analysis; Time Factors; Toxicity Tests; USA, Oregon; USA, Oregon, Willamette Valley; willamette valley; Oregon; INW, Pacific; Growth; Toxicity; Caudata; Interspecific comparison; Amphibia; Salientia; No observed effect level; Survival; Young animal; Freshwater environment; Vertebrata; Larva; Medium effect; Pisces; Concentration effect; Pimephales promelas; Water pollution; Developmental stage; Ammonium Sulfates; Mineral salt
• ISSN: 0007-4861; 1432-0800
• DOI: 10.1007/s001289910040

Flow-through tests were conducted to determine the effects of ammonium sulfate on the growth of three native amphibian species and one introduced fish species in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon. The amphibians were the Northwestern salamander Ambystoma gracile, the Pacific treefrog Pseudacris regilla, and the red-legged frog Rana aurora, and the fish was the fathead minnow Pimephales promelas. Ammonium nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0 to more than 200 mg/l. Results showed that P. promelas was the most tolerant of the four species, although six-week-old fish had the same sensitivity as salamanders and red-legged frogs. The lowest-observed-effect concentrations of ammonium N to five-week-old A. gracile, six-week-old P. regilla, nine-week-old P. regilla, four-week-old R. aurora, six-week-old P. promelas, and nine-week-old P. promelas were 126.5, 37.0, 52.5, 134.0, 118.0, and 227.0 mg/l, respectively.