Exome Sequencing Identifies the Extremely Rare ITGAV and FN1 Variants in Early Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

• Published in: Frontiers in pediatrics Vol. 10; p. 895074
• Main Authors: Al-Numan, Huda Husain, Jan, Rana Mohammed, Al-Saud, Najla Bint Saud, Rashidi, Omran M, Alrayes, Nuha Mohammad, Alsufyani, Hadeel A, Mujalli, Abdulrahman, Shaik, Noor Ahmad, Mosli, Mahmoud Hisham, Elango, Ramu, Saadah, Omar I, Banaganapalli, Babajan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 26-05-2022
• Subjects: consanguineous; digenic inheritance; early onset-inflammatory bowel disease; gene expression; monogenic diseases; Pediatrics; WES; WES; digenic inheritance; early onset-inflammatory bowel disease; gene expression; consanguineous; monogenic diseases
• ISSN: 2296-2360; 2296-2360
• DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.895074

Molecular diagnosis of early onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is very important for adopting suitable treatment strategies. Owing to the sparse data available, this study aims to identify the molecular basis of early onset IBD in Arab patients.
A consanguineous Arab family with monozygotic twins presenting early onset IBD was screened by whole exome sequencing (WES). The variants functional characterization was performed by a series of computational biology methods. The IBD variants were further screened in
whole exome data of 100 Saudi cohorts ensure their rare prevalence in the population.
Genetic screening has identified the digenic autosomal recessive mode of inheritance of
(G58V) and
(G313V) variants in IBD twins with early onset IBD. Findings from pathogenicity predictions, stability and molecular dynamics have confirmed the deleterious nature of both variants on structural features of the corresponding proteins. Functional biology data suggested that both genes show abundant expression in gastrointestinal tract and immune organs, involved in immune cell restriction, regulation of different immune related pathways. Data from knockout mouse models for
gene has revealed that the dysregulated expression of this gene impacts intestinal immune homeostasis. The defective
and
involved in integrin pathway, are likely to induce intestinal inflammation by disturbing immune homeostasis.
Our findings provide novel insights into the molecular etiology of pediatric onset IBD and may likely pave way in developing genomic medicine.