Lipidomic Analysis to Assess Oxidative Stress in Acute Coronary Syndrome and Acute Stroke Patients

• Published in: Metabolites Vol. 11; no. 7; p. 412
• Main Authors: Malý, Martin, Hajšl, Martin, Bechyňská, Kamila, Kučerka, Ondřej, Šrámek, Martin, Suttnar, Jiří, Hlaváčková, Alžběta, Hajšlová, Jana, Kosek, Vít
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 23-06-2021; MDPI
• Subjects: acute coronary syndrome; Acute coronary syndromes; Arteriosclerosis; Disease; Fatty acids; Females; High-performance liquid chromatography; high-resolution mass spectrometry; Ischemia; Lipid metabolism; lipidomics; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Males; Malondialdehyde; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Metabolism; Metabolites; Multivariate analysis; Oxidative metabolism; Oxidative stress; Patients; Plasma; Scientific imaging; Statistical analysis; stroke; Thrombosis; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 2218-1989; 2218-1989
• DOI: 10.3390/metabo11070412

Alterations in lipid metabolism mediated by oxidative stress play a key role in the process of atherosclerosis and superimposed thrombosis; these can lead to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Multiple studies have shown that the formation of atheromatous lesions is initiated by oxidation of low-density lipoproteins incorporated into the intima of the vessel wall. Here, we studied lipids in plasma samples from three cohorts: 61 patients with ACS (group A), 49 patients with AIS (group D), and 82 controls (group K). Untargeted lipidomics based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) was employed to obtain comprehensive information on whether relationships exist between these patient categories based on lipid patterns. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) as a standard marker of oxidative stress was monitored. The most characteristic lipids in group K were fatty acyls of hydroxyfatty acids (FAHFAs). As expected, MDA concentrations were the lowest in group K. Our findings can better explain ongoing pathologies, both acute and chronic, with the potential for future diagnosis and treatment.