Branched chain amino acid metabolism in the biosynthesis of Lycopersicon pennellii glucose esters

• Published in: Plant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 93; no. 4; pp. 1544 - 1551
• Main Authors: Walters, D.S. (Cornell University, Ithaca, NY), Steffens, J.C
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Rockville, MD American Society of Plant Physiologists 01-08-1990
• Subjects: 551001 - Physiological Systems- Tracer Techniques; ACIDE AMINE; ACYLATION; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; ALDEHYDES; Amino acid metabolism; AMINO ACIDS; AMINOACIDOS; ANIMALS; ARTHROPODS; BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES; Biological and medical sciences; BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS; BIOSINTESIS; BIOSYNTHESE; Biosynthesis; Branched chain amino acids; CARBOHYDRATES; CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; Chain stores; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; DECARBOXYLATION; Enzymes; ESTER; ESTERES; ESTERS; Fatty acids; FOOD; FRUITS; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; GLUCOSA; GLUCOSE; HEXOSES; INSECTS; INVERTEBRATES; ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS; LABELLED COMPOUNDS; LYCOPERSICON; METABOLISM; METABOLISME; METABOLISMO; MONOSACCHARIDES; ORGANIC ACIDS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; Photosynthesis, respiration. Anabolism, catabolism; PHYSIOLOGY; Plant physiology and development; SACCHARIDES; Short chain fatty acids; TOLERANCE; TOMATOES; TRACER TECHNIQUES; Trichomes; VIA BIOQUIMICA DEL METABOLISMO; VOIE BIOCHIMIQUE DU METABOLISME; Exudate; Insecta; Lipids; Biosynthesis; Glucose; Metabolism; Trichome; Ester; Arthropoda; Dicotyledones; Aminoacid; Angiospermae; Defense mechanism; Spermatophyta; Models; Solanaceae; Invertebrata; Acylation
• ISSN: 0032-0889; 1532-2548
• DOI: 10.1104/pp.93.4.1544

Lycopersicon pennellii Corr. (D'Arcy) an insect-resistant, wild tomato possesses high densities of glandular trichomes which exude a mixture of 2,3,4-tri-O-acylated glucose esters that function as a physical impediment and feeding deterrent to small arthropod pests. The acyl moieties are branched C4 and C5 acids, and branched and straight chain C10, C11, and C12 acids. The structure of the branched acyl constituents suggests that the branched chain amino acid biosynthesis pathway participates in their biosynthesis. [14C]Valine and deuterated branched chain amino acids (and their oxo-acid derivatives) were incorporated into branched C4 and C5 acid groups of glucose esters by a process of transmission, oxidative decarboxylation and subsequent acylation. C4 and C5 branched acids were elongated by two carbon units to produce the branched C10-C12 groups. Norvaline, norleucine, allylglycine, and methionine also were processed into acyl moieties and secreted from the trichomes as glucose esters. Changes in the acyl composition of the glucose esters following sulfonylurea herbicide administration support the participation of acetohydroxyacid synthetase and the other enzymes of branched amino acid biosynthesis in the production of glucose esters