Digging deep into a GAC filter – Temporal and spatial profiling of adsorbed organic micropollutants

•Extraction of micropollutants at varying depths of an activated carbon filter.•Progression of the adsorption front for various micropollutants.•Lower adsorption affinity implies faster progression of the adsorption front.•Adsorption in bottom layer of GAC filter correlates with lower removal effici...

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Published in:Water research (Oxford) Vol. 218; p. 118477
Main Authors: Edefell, Ellen, Svahn, Ola, Falås, Per, Bengtsson, Elina, Axelsson, Michael, Ullman, Regine, Cimbritz, Michael
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Elsevier Ltd 30-06-2022
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Abstract •Extraction of micropollutants at varying depths of an activated carbon filter.•Progression of the adsorption front for various micropollutants.•Lower adsorption affinity implies faster progression of the adsorption front.•Adsorption in bottom layer of GAC filter correlates with lower removal efficiencies.•Mass estimations indicated biodegradation for certain micropollutants in the filter. A large pilot-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) filter was operated downstream in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant to remove organic micropollutants. To describe the spatial and temporal developments of micropollutant adsorption profiles in the GAC filter, micropollutants were extracted from GAC media taken at various filter depths and number of treated bed volumes. At a low number of treated bed volumes (2600 BVs), most micropollutants were adsorbed in the top layers of the filter. At increasing number of treated bed volumes (7300–15,500 BVs), the adsorption front for micropollutants progressed through the filter bed at varying rates, with sulfamethoxazole, fluconazole, and PFOS reaching the bottom layer before carbamazepine and other well-adsorbing micropollutants, such as propranolol and citalopram. Higher amounts of adsorbed micropollutants in the bottom layer of the filter bed resulted in decreased removal efficiencies in the treated wastewater. Mass estimations indicated biodegradation for certain micropollutants, such as naproxen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole. A temporary increase in the concentration of the insecticide imidacloprid could be detected in the filter indicating that extraction of adsorbed micropollutants could provide an opportunity for backtracking of loading patterns. [Display omitted]
AbstractList A large pilot-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) filter was operated downstream in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant to remove organic micropollutants. To describe the spatial and temporal developments of micropollutant adsorption profiles in the GAC filter, micropollutants were extracted from GAC media taken at various filter depths and number of treated bed volumes. At a low number of treated bed volumes (2600 BVs), most micropollutants were adsorbed in the top layers of the filter. At increasing number of treated bed volumes (7300-15,500 BVs), the adsorption front for micropollutants progressed through the filter bed at varying rates, with sulfamethoxazole, fluconazole, and PFOS reaching the bottom layer before carbamazepine and other well-adsorbing micropollutants, such as propranolol and citalopram. Higher amounts of adsorbed micropollutants in the bottom layer of the filter bed resulted in decreased removal efficiencies in the treated wastewater. Mass estimations indicated biodegradation for certain micropollutants, such as naproxen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole. A temporary increase in the concentration of the insecticide imidacloprid could be detected in the filter indicating that extraction of adsorbed micropollutants could provide an opportunity for backtracking of loading patterns.
•Extraction of micropollutants at varying depths of an activated carbon filter.•Progression of the adsorption front for various micropollutants.•Lower adsorption affinity implies faster progression of the adsorption front.•Adsorption in bottom layer of GAC filter correlates with lower removal efficiencies.•Mass estimations indicated biodegradation for certain micropollutants in the filter. A large pilot-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) filter was operated downstream in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant to remove organic micropollutants. To describe the spatial and temporal developments of micropollutant adsorption profiles in the GAC filter, micropollutants were extracted from GAC media taken at various filter depths and number of treated bed volumes. At a low number of treated bed volumes (2600 BVs), most micropollutants were adsorbed in the top layers of the filter. At increasing number of treated bed volumes (7300–15,500 BVs), the adsorption front for micropollutants progressed through the filter bed at varying rates, with sulfamethoxazole, fluconazole, and PFOS reaching the bottom layer before carbamazepine and other well-adsorbing micropollutants, such as propranolol and citalopram. Higher amounts of adsorbed micropollutants in the bottom layer of the filter bed resulted in decreased removal efficiencies in the treated wastewater. Mass estimations indicated biodegradation for certain micropollutants, such as naproxen, diclofenac, and sulfamethoxazole. A temporary increase in the concentration of the insecticide imidacloprid could be detected in the filter indicating that extraction of adsorbed micropollutants could provide an opportunity for backtracking of loading patterns. [Display omitted]
ArticleNumber 118477
Author Falås, Per
Ullman, Regine
Cimbritz, Michael
Svahn, Ola
Bengtsson, Elina
Edefell, Ellen
Axelsson, Michael
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  givenname: Ellen
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7577-7557
  surname: Edefell
  fullname: Edefell, Ellen
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  organization: Sweden Water Research AB, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 15, Lund SE-223 70, Sweden
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  givenname: Ola
  surname: Svahn
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  givenname: Per
  surname: Falås
  fullname: Falås, Per
  organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
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  givenname: Elina
  surname: Bengtsson
  fullname: Bengtsson, Elina
  organization: Kalmar Vatten AB, Box 817, Kalmar SE-391 28, Sweden
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  givenname: Michael
  surname: Axelsson
  fullname: Axelsson, Michael
  organization: Kalmar Vatten AB, Box 817, Kalmar SE-391 28, Sweden
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  givenname: Regine
  surname: Ullman
  fullname: Ullman, Regine
  organization: Kalmar Vatten AB, Box 817, Kalmar SE-391 28, Sweden
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  givenname: Michael
  orcidid: 0000-0001-8102-2196
  surname: Cimbritz
  fullname: Cimbritz, Michael
  organization: Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden
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Keywords Micropollutant removal
Stratified adsorption
Granular activated carbon
Organic micropollutants
Micropollutant extraction
Wastewater treatment
Language English
License Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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Snippet •Extraction of micropollutants at varying depths of an activated carbon filter.•Progression of the adsorption front for various micropollutants.•Lower...
A large pilot-scale granular activated carbon (GAC) filter was operated downstream in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant to remove organic...
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SubjectTerms Analytical Chemistry
Analytisk kemi
Chemical Sciences
Earth and Related Environmental Sciences
Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap
Granular activated carbon
Kemi
Micropollutant extraction
Micropollutant removal
Natural Sciences
Naturvetenskap
Organic micropollutants
Stratified adsorption
Wastewater treatment
Title Digging deep into a GAC filter – Temporal and spatial profiling of adsorbed organic micropollutants
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2022.118477
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35487159
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