Estimating Adolescent Risk for Hearing Loss Based on Data From a Large School-Based Survey

• Published in: American journal of public health (1971) Vol. 100; no. 6; pp. 1095 - 1100
• Main Authors: VOGEL, Ineke, VERSCHUURE, Hans, VAN DER PLOEG, Catharina P. B, BRUG, Johannes, RAAT, Hein
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC American Public Health Association 01-06-2010
• Subjects: Adolescent; Behavior; Biological and medical sciences; Country of birth; Cross-Sectional Studies; Digital audio players; Digital music; Discotheques; Ear, auditive nerve, cochleovestibular tract, facial nerve: diseases, semeiology; Ethnicity; Female; General aspects; Headphones; Health Surveys; Hearing loss; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced - epidemiology; Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced - etiology; Hearing protection; Hearing Tests; Humans; Listening; Male; Medical sciences; Miscellaneous; MP3-Player; Music; Netherlands - epidemiology; Noise - adverse effects; Noise control; Non tumoral diseases; Occupational safety; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology; Public health; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Questionnaires; Research and Practice; Risk Factors; Safety standards; Schools; Self report; Sound; Teenagers; Young Adult; Young adults; Netherlands; Human; Survey; Surveillance; Estimation; Adolescent; Risk factor; Auditory disorder; ENT disease; Risk; School environment; Public health; Hearing loss
• ISSN: 0090-0036; 1541-0048
• DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2009.168690

We estimated whether and to what extent a group of adolescents were at risk of developing permanent hearing loss as a result of voluntary exposure to high-volume music, and we assessed whether such exposure was associated with hearing-related symptoms.
In 2007, 1512 adolescents (aged 12-19 years) in Dutch secondary schools completed questionnaires about their music-listening behavior and whether they experienced hearing-related symptoms after listening to high-volume music. We used their self-reported data in conjunction with published average sound levels of music players, discotheques, and pop concerts to estimate their noise exposure, and we compared that exposure to our own "loosened" (i.e., less strict) version of current European safety standards for occupational noise exposure.
About half of the adolescents exceeded safety standards for occupational noise exposure. About one third of the respondents exceeded safety standards solely as a result of listening to MP3 players. Hearing symptoms that occurred after using an MP3 player or going to a discotheque were associated with exposure to high-volume music.
Adolescents often exceeded current occupational safety standards for noise exposure, highlighting the need for specific safety standards for leisure-time noise exposure.