Study of injection bias in a simple hydrodynamic injection in microchip CE
The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) due to its simplicity and well‐defined sample volume. However, the limited injection volume and the electrophoretic bias of the pinched injection may limit its unive...
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| Published in: | Electrophoresis Vol. 28; no. 10; pp. 1564 - 1571 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Weinheim
WILEY-VCH Verlag
01-05-2007
WILEY‐VCH Verlag |
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| Abstract | The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) due to its simplicity and well‐defined sample volume. However, the limited injection volume and the electrophoretic bias of the pinched injection may limit its universal usage to specific applications. Several hydrodynamic injection methods in μCE have been reported; however, almost all claimed that their methods are bias‐free without considering the dispensing bias. To investigate the dispensing bias, a simple hydrodynamic injection was developed in single‐T and double‐T glass microchips. The sample flow was produced by hydrostatic pressure generated by the liquid level difference between the sample reservoir and the other reservoirs. The reproducibility of peak area and peak area ratio was improved to a significant extent using large‐surface reservoirs for the buffer reservoir and the sample waste reservoir to reduce the Laplace pressure effect. Without a voltage applied on the sample solution, the voltage‐related sample bias was eliminated. The dispensing bias was analyzed theoretically and studied experimentally. It was demonstrated that the dispensing bias existed and could be reduced significantly by appropriately setting up the voltage configuration and by controlling the appropriate liquid level difference. |
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| AbstractList | The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (microCE) due to its simplicity and well-defined sample volume. However, the limited injection volume and the electrophoretic bias of the pinched injection may limit its universal usage to specific applications. Several hydrodynamic injection methods in microCE have been reported; however, almost all claimed that their methods are bias-free without considering the dispensing bias. To investigate the dispensing bias, a simple hydrodynamic injection was developed in single-T and double-T glass microchips. The sample flow was produced by hydrostatic pressure generated by the liquid level difference between the sample reservoir and the other reservoirs. The reproducibility of peak area and peak area ratio was improved to a significant extent using large-surface reservoirs for the buffer reservoir and the sample waste reservoir to reduce the Laplace pressure effect. Without a voltage applied on the sample solution, the voltage-related sample bias was eliminated. The dispensing bias was analyzed theoretically and studied experimentally. It was demonstrated that the dispensing bias existed and could be reduced significantly by appropriately setting up the voltage configuration and by controlling the appropriate liquid level difference. The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) due to its simplicity and well‐defined sample volume. However, the limited injection volume and the electrophoretic bias of the pinched injection may limit its universal usage to specific applications. Several hydrodynamic injection methods in μCE have been reported; however, almost all claimed that their methods are bias‐free without considering the dispensing bias. To investigate the dispensing bias, a simple hydrodynamic injection was developed in single‐T and double‐T glass microchips. The sample flow was produced by hydrostatic pressure generated by the liquid level difference between the sample reservoir and the other reservoirs. The reproducibility of peak area and peak area ratio was improved to a significant extent using large‐surface reservoirs for the buffer reservoir and the sample waste reservoir to reduce the Laplace pressure effect. Without a voltage applied on the sample solution, the voltage‐related sample bias was eliminated. The dispensing bias was analyzed theoretically and studied experimentally. It was demonstrated that the dispensing bias existed and could be reduced significantly by appropriately setting up the voltage configuration and by controlling the appropriate liquid level difference. Abstract The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) due to its simplicity and well‐defined sample volume. However, the limited injection volume and the electrophoretic bias of the pinched injection may limit its universal usage to specific applications. Several hydrodynamic injection methods in μCE have been reported; however, almost all claimed that their methods are bias‐free without considering the dispensing bias. To investigate the dispensing bias, a simple hydrodynamic injection was developed in single‐T and double‐T glass microchips. The sample flow was produced by hydrostatic pressure generated by the liquid level difference between the sample reservoir and the other reservoirs. The reproducibility of peak area and peak area ratio was improved to a significant extent using large‐surface reservoirs for the buffer reservoir and the sample waste reservoir to reduce the Laplace pressure effect. Without a voltage applied on the sample solution, the voltage‐related sample bias was eliminated. The dispensing bias was analyzed theoretically and studied experimentally. It was demonstrated that the dispensing bias existed and could be reduced significantly by appropriately setting up the voltage configuration and by controlling the appropriate liquid level difference. The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE) due to its simplicity and well-defined sample volume. However, the limited injection volume and the electrophoretic bias of the pinched injection may limit its universal usage to specific applications. Several hydrodynamic injection methods in CE have been reported; however, almost all claimed that their methods are bias-free without considering the dispensing bias. To investigate the dispensing bias, a simple hydrodynamic injection was developed in single-T and double-T glass microchips. The sample flow was produced by hydrostatic pressure generated by the liquid level difference between the sample reservoir and the other reservoirs. The reproducibility of peak area and peak area ratio was improved to a significant extent using large-surface reservoirs for the buffer reservoir and the sample waste reservoir to reduce the Laplace pressure effect. Without a voltage applied on the sample solution, the voltage-related sample bias was eliminated. The dispensing bias was analyzed theoretically and studied experimentally. It was demonstrated that the dispensing bias existed and could be reduced significantly by appropriately setting up the voltage configuration and by controlling the appropriate liquid level difference. |
| Author | Stalcup, Apryll M. Limbach, Patrick A. Gong, Maojun Wehmeyer, Kenneth R. Heineman, William R. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Maojun surname: Gong fullname: Gong, Maojun organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Kenneth R. surname: Wehmeyer fullname: Wehmeyer, Kenneth R. organization: Procter and Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Health Care Research Center, Mason, OH, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Apryll M. surname: Stalcup fullname: Stalcup, Apryll M. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Patrick A. surname: Limbach fullname: Limbach, Patrick A. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: William R. surname: Heineman fullname: Heineman, William R. email: William.Heineman@uc.edu organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17447241$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1021/ac026350g 10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00313-9 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2683(20000101)21:1<41::AID-ELPS41>3.0.CO;2-7 10.1021/ac00095a003 10.1021/ac010217r 10.1021/ac020110j 10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00630-1 10.1021/ac0521798 10.1021/ac980551w 10.1002/elps.1150160179 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.08.040 10.1021/ac00092a027 10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01359-1 10.1021/ac048115z 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2683(19990301)20:3<529::AID-ELPS529>3.0.CO;2-7 10.1039/b212913b 10.1006/jcis.2002.8645 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.07.035 10.1021/ac00079a028 10.1002/1522-2683(200101)22:2<312::AID-ELPS312>3.0.CO;2-3 10.1002/1522-2683(200109)22:16<3509::AID-ELPS3509>3.0.CO;2-Z 10.1016/S0021-9797(02)00181-9 10.1007/s00216-005-3346-6 10.1021/ac020301m |
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| Snippet | The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) due to its simplicity... The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (microCE) due to its... Abstract The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) due to its... The electrokinetically pinched method is the most commonly used mode for sample injection in microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE) due to its simplicity and... |
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| SubjectTerms | Buffers Computer Simulation Electrophoresis, Microchip - instrumentation Electrophoresis, Microchip - methods Flow Injection Analysis - methods Hydrodynamic injection Hydrostatic Pressure Injection bias Laplace pressure Microchip Models, Chemical Nanotechnology Reproducibility of Results Research Design Static Electricity |
| Title | Study of injection bias in a simple hydrodynamic injection in microchip CE |
| URI | https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-102MK8JW-N/fulltext.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Felps.200600616 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17447241 https://search.proquest.com/docview/30079891 https://search.proquest.com/docview/70528403 |
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