Variation of glucose tolerance in adult patients with cystic fibrosis: What is the potential contribution of insulin sensitivity?

• Published in: Journal of cystic fibrosis Vol. 15; no. 6; pp. 839 - 845
• Main Authors: Boudreau, Valérie, Coriati, Adèle, Hammana, Imane, Ziai, Sophie, Desjardins, Katherine, Berthiaume, Yves, Rabasa-Lhoret, Rémi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-11-2016
• Subjects: Adult; Blood Glucose - analysis; Canada - epidemiology; CFRD; Cystic fibrosis; Cystic Fibrosis - diagnosis; Cystic Fibrosis - epidemiology; Cystic Fibrosis - metabolism; Cystic Fibrosis - physiopathology; Female; Glucose Intolerance - diagnosis; Glucose Intolerance - epidemiology; Glucose Intolerance - etiology; Glucose Intolerance - physiopathology; Glucose Tolerance Test - methods; Humans; Insulin - analysis; Insulin - metabolism; Insulin Resistance; Insulin Secretion; Insulin sensitivity; Male; Oral glucose tolerance test; Pulmonary/Respiratory; Statistics as Topic; Canada; CF; oral glucose tolerance test; Insulin sensitivity; forced expiratory volume in 1 s; body mass index; impaired glucose tolerance; CFRD; area under the curve; cystic fibrosis-related diabetes; AUC; analyses of variance; FEV 1; normal glucose tolerance; ANOVA; cystic fibrosis; glycated hemoglobin; IGT; MCFC; Montreal Cystic Fibrosis Cohort; Adult; NGT; OGTT; HbA1c; BMI; Oral glucose tolerance test; Cystic fibrosis; FEV1
• ISSN: 1569-1993; 1873-5010
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.04.004

Abstract Background Reduced insulin secretion is a key factor to explain high prevalence of glucose intolerance in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the role of insulin sensitivity remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of insulin secretion and sensitivity with the evolution of glucose tolerance. Methods A total of 152 patients without known diabetes from the Montreal CF cohort underwent two 2-h oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) at baseline and again after 21.2 ± 5.5 months. Pulmonary function and anthropometric measurements were also collected at each visit. At both visits, based on their OGTT results, patients were categorized in glucose tolerance groups (normal glucose tolerance, impaired glucose tolerance or CF-related diabetes) and stratified in 3 groups according to the variation of their glucose tolerance: stable, improved or deteriorated. Results At baseline, patients in the deteriorated group had a better sensitivity to insulin than those in the improved group (P = 0.029). At follow-up glucose tolerance remained stable in 55.3%, improved in 14.5% and deteriorated in 30.3% of patients. During follow-up, insulin secretion remained stable in all 3 groups. While insulin sensitivity remained stable in patients without changes in glucose tolerance it worsened in patients who deteriorated glucose tolerance (P < 0.001) and improved in patients who improved their glucose tolerance (P = 0.003). Conclusion In a context of significantly reduced insulin secretion, variations of insulin sensitivity are associated with variations of glucose tolerance in adult patients with CF.