Low amounts of trans 18 : 1 fatty acids elevate plasma triacylglycerols but not cholesterol and alter the cellular defence to oxidative stress in mice

• Published in: British journal of nutrition Vol. 94; no. 3; pp. 346 - 352
• Main Authors: Cassagno, Nadège, Palos-Pinto, Antonio, Costet, Pierre, Breilh, Dominique, Darmon, Michel, Bérard, Annie M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01-09-2005
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - blood; cardiovascular diseases; Carrier Proteins - genetics; Cells, Cultured; Cholesterol; Cholesterol - blood; Cholesterol - metabolism; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Diet; dietary fat; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated - administration & dosage; F2-Isoprostanes - blood; fat intake; Fatty Acid Synthases - genetics; Fatty acids; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Fibroblasts - metabolism; free fatty acids; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Heat-Shock Proteins - genetics; Hepatic triacylglycerol production; high density lipoprotein; hydrogenated oils; intestinal absorption; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipoproteins, VLDL - blood; liver; Liver - metabolism; messenger RNA; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Molecular Chaperones - genetics; nutrient uptake; nutrition-genotype interaction; Oleic Acid - administration & dosage; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidation; Processed foods; Rapeseed oil; Reverse cholesterol transport; risk factors; Trans fatty acids; transport proteins; triacylglycerols; Triglycerides - blood; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; very low density lipoprotein; Vitamin E - blood; Oxidative stress; Trans fatty acids; Reverse cholesterol transport; Hepatic triacylglycerol production; Trans fatty acids: Hepatic triacylglycerol production: Reverse cholesterol transport: Oxidative stress; Digestive system; Liver; Biological transport; Rodentia; Lipids; Cholesterol; Blood plasma; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Trans fatty acid; Mouse; Triacylglycerol; Low; Animal
• ISSN: 0007-1145; 1475-2662
• DOI: 10.1079/BJN20051512

Trans fatty acids are found mainly in processed foods. It has been shown that when their intake is high, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerols are elevated, while HDL-cholesterol decreases. To evaluate a possible effect of these compounds, even in low amounts, C57Bl/6J mice were fed for 7 weeks a diet containing 13·6 % energy as partially hydrogenated rapeseed oil-enriched diet (Trans diet). The Trans diet contained 3 % energy as trans 18 : 1 fatty acid (elaidic acid). Control mice were on an isologous diet containing native rapeseed oil (Rapeseed diet) in which trans fatty acids were undetectable. Total, free and HDL-cholesterol as well as reverse cholesterol transport did not change. However, plasma triacylglycerol and VLDL levels increased. Hepatic gene expression in the Trans v. Rapeseed diet were compared using quantitative RT–PCR. The Trans diet produced a 2–3-fold elevation in mRNA of fatty acid synthase and microsomal transfer protein mRNA, explaining (at least in part) the observed increase in triacylglycerols and VLDL. In addition, mice on the Trans diet developed a deficiency in plasma vitamin E accompanied by a higher concentration of F2-isoprostanes, indicative of increased oxidative stress. The 78 kDa glucose-related protein (GRP78) mRNA expression increased 3–4-fold in liver, suggesting that a response against apoptosis was provoked by lipid peroxidation.