Iliac vein compression syndrome: Outcome of endovascular treatment with long-term follow-up

• Published in: European journal of radiology Vol. 68; no. 3; pp. 487 - 492
• Main Authors: Oguzkurt, Levent, Tercan, Fahri, Ozkan, Ugur, Gulcan, Oner
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Ireland Ltd 01-12-2008; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Cardiology. Vascular system; Common iliac vein; Deep vein thrombosis; Diseases of the peripheral vessels. Diseases of the vena cava. Miscellaneous; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Iliac Vein - diagnostic imaging; Iliac vein compression syndrome; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Longitudinal Studies; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Phlebography; Radiology; Radiotherapy. Instrumental treatment. Physiotherapy. Reeducation. Rehabilitation, orthophony, crenotherapy. Diet therapy and various other treatments (general aspects); Retrospective Studies; Stent; Syndrome; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vascular Surgical Procedures - methods; Venous Thrombosis - diagnostic imaging; Deep vein thrombosis; Common iliac vein; Iliac vein compression syndrome; Stent; Nuclear medicine; Compression; Prognosis; Instrumentation therapy; Cardiovascular disease; Endovascular route; Long term; Venous disease; Vascular disease; Radiology; Venous thrombosis; Iliac vein
• ISSN: 0720-048X; 1872-7727
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2007.08.019

Abstract Objective To retrospectively evaluate technical success and long-term outcome of endovascular treatment in patients with iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (DVT) due to iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS). Materials and methods Between March 2003 and September 2006, 36 consecutive patients (26 women [72%], 10 men, mean age 50 ± 18 years) with acute or chronic iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis due to iliac vein compression syndrome were evaluated for outcome of endovascular treatment. Stent patency was estimated by using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results Technical success was achieved in 34 of 36 patients (94%). Six patients with acute or subacute thrombosis had chronic occlusion of the left common iliac vein. Rethrombosis of the stents was observed in four patients. Primary and secondary patency rates were 85 and 94% at 1 year, and 80 and 82% at 4 years. Resolution of symptoms was achieved in 17 of 20 patients (85%) with acute and subacute DVT, and 4 of 16 patients (25%) with chronic DVT. Major complication was seen in one patient (3%). Conclusion Intimal changes in the left common iliac vein are mostly chronic in nature even in patients with acute DVT secondary to IVCS. Endovascular treatment with stent placement has a high technical success rate and good long-term patency in the treatment of acute and chronic DVT due to IVCS. Symptomatic improvement seems to be better in patients with acute than chronic DVT due to IVCS.