Intravaginal practices and genital human papillomavirus infection among female sex workers in Cambodia
Objectives Intravaginal practices (IVPs) include washing, wiping, or inserting something inside the vagina. This study investigates the associations between IVPs and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study of 200 female sex workers aged 18 to 35 yea...
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| Published in: | Journal of medical virology Vol. 90; no. 11; pp. 1765 - 1774 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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01-11-2018
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| Abstract | Objectives
Intravaginal practices (IVPs) include washing, wiping, or inserting something inside the vagina. This study investigates the associations between IVPs and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
Methods
We conducted a cross‐sectional study of 200 female sex workers aged 18 to 35 years in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. From August to September 2014. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, IVPs, and other behaviors were collected through face‐to‐face interviews. Self‐collected cervicovaginal specimens were tested for 37 HPV genotypes.
Results
Multivariable Poisson regression models showed that a lower number of infecting HPV genotypes were associated with intravaginal washing in the past 3 months (incident rate ratios [IRR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46‐0.94) and often performing intravaginal washing shortly after sex (IRR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81–0.99). Intravaginal washing before vaginal sex, intravaginal wiping, and intravaginal insertion were not associated with HPV infection.
Conclusion
These findings challenge the existing view that all types of vaginal cleansing are harmful. Specifically, intravaginal washing shortly after sex (mainly with water) may help prevent HPV infection in female sex workers, who have several partners and thus frequently expose to sources of HPV infection with different genotypes.
Highlights
1.Intravaginal practices are very common and complex in Cambodian female sex workers.
2.
HPV infection is prevalent in Cambodian female sex workers.
3.Intravaginal washing after sex might reduce the risk of genital HPV infection. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | OBJECTIVESIntravaginal practices (IVPs) include washing, wiping, or inserting something inside the vagina. This study investigates the associations between IVPs and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. METHODSWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 200 female sex workers aged 18 to 35 years in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. From August to September 2014. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, IVPs, and other behaviors were collected through face-to-face interviews. Self-collected cervicovaginal specimens were tested for 37 HPV genotypes. RESULTSMultivariable Poisson regression models showed that a lower number of infecting HPV genotypes were associated with intravaginal washing in the past 3 months (incident rate ratios [IRR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46-0.94) and often performing intravaginal washing shortly after sex (IRR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81-0.99). Intravaginal washing before vaginal sex, intravaginal wiping, and intravaginal insertion were not associated with HPV infection. CONCLUSIONThese findings challenge the existing view that all types of vaginal cleansing are harmful. Specifically, intravaginal washing shortly after sex (mainly with water) may help prevent HPV infection in female sex workers, who have several partners and thus frequently expose to sources of HPV infection with different genotypes. Objectives Intravaginal practices (IVPs) include washing, wiping, or inserting something inside the vagina. This study investigates the associations between IVPs and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study of 200 female sex workers aged 18 to 35 years in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. From August to September 2014. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, IVPs, and other behaviors were collected through face‐to‐face interviews. Self‐collected cervicovaginal specimens were tested for 37 HPV genotypes. Results Multivariable Poisson regression models showed that a lower number of infecting HPV genotypes were associated with intravaginal washing in the past 3 months (incident rate ratios [IRR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46‐0.94) and often performing intravaginal washing shortly after sex (IRR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81–0.99). Intravaginal washing before vaginal sex, intravaginal wiping, and intravaginal insertion were not associated with HPV infection. Conclusion These findings challenge the existing view that all types of vaginal cleansing are harmful. Specifically, intravaginal washing shortly after sex (mainly with water) may help prevent HPV infection in female sex workers, who have several partners and thus frequently expose to sources of HPV infection with different genotypes. Highlights 1.Intravaginal practices are very common and complex in Cambodian female sex workers. 2. HPV infection is prevalent in Cambodian female sex workers. 3.Intravaginal washing after sex might reduce the risk of genital HPV infection. Intravaginal practices (IVPs) include washing, wiping, or inserting something inside the vagina. This study investigates the associations between IVPs and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 200 female sex workers aged 18 to 35 years in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. From August to September 2014. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, IVPs, and other behaviors were collected through face-to-face interviews. Self-collected cervicovaginal specimens were tested for 37 HPV genotypes. Multivariable Poisson regression models showed that a lower number of infecting HPV genotypes were associated with intravaginal washing in the past 3 months (incident rate ratios [IRR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46-0.94) and often performing intravaginal washing shortly after sex (IRR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81-0.99). Intravaginal washing before vaginal sex, intravaginal wiping, and intravaginal insertion were not associated with HPV infection. These findings challenge the existing view that all types of vaginal cleansing are harmful. Specifically, intravaginal washing shortly after sex (mainly with water) may help prevent HPV infection in female sex workers, who have several partners and thus frequently expose to sources of HPV infection with different genotypes. |
| Author | Bui, Thanh Cong Tran, Ly Thi‐Hai Scheurer, Michael E. Pham, Vy Thi‐Tuong Ross, Michael W. Hor, Leng Bun Markham, Christine M. Vidrine, Damon J. |
| AuthorAffiliation | b Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine e Cambodian National AIDS Authority f Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota a Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center c Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University g Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston d Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: e Cambodian National AIDS Authority – name: d Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston – name: c Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University – name: a Stephenson Cancer Center, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center – name: f Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Medical School, University of Minnesota – name: g Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston – name: b Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Thanh Cong orcidid: 0000-0001-5794-5345 surname: Bui fullname: Bui, Thanh Cong email: thanh-c-bui@ouhsc.edu, thanh.bui@aya.yale.edu organization: Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center – sequence: 2 givenname: Michael E. surname: Scheurer fullname: Scheurer, Michael E. organization: Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine – sequence: 3 givenname: Vy Thi‐Tuong surname: Pham fullname: Pham, Vy Thi‐Tuong organization: College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University – sequence: 4 givenname: Ly Thi‐Hai surname: Tran fullname: Tran, Ly Thi‐Hai organization: School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston – sequence: 5 givenname: Leng Bun surname: Hor fullname: Hor, Leng Bun organization: Cambodian National AIDS Authority – sequence: 6 givenname: Damon J. surname: Vidrine fullname: Vidrine, Damon J. organization: Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center – sequence: 7 givenname: Michael W. surname: Ross fullname: Ross, Michael W. organization: Medical School, University of Minnesota – sequence: 8 givenname: Christine M. surname: Markham fullname: Markham, Christine M. organization: School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30016541$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1002_hsr2_1882 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0265269 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10461_021_03290_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cmi_2019_04_015 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gocm_2022_06_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_v14010024 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_020_09570_z crossref_primary_10_1186_s12905_021_01271_y crossref_primary_10_29392_001c_21349 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0242711 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.jpag.2011.07.017 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.06.083 10.1089/jwh.2010.2281 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318074e565 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181bc063c 10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.01.023 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.11.006 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000416 10.1007/s10995-008-0372-y 10.1001/jama.1990.03440140062032 10.1097/01.OLQ.0000114942.41998.58 10.1097/AOG.0b013e318177143a 10.1177/000992280003900307 10.1177/0956462414533098 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.10.023 10.1097/NMC.0b013e3181cae9da 10.2105/AJPH.87.7.1207 10.1097/00002030-199807000-00013 10.1093/aje/kwi025 10.1086/380466 10.1002/jmv.20447 10.1007/s10508-015-0675-1 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.12.005 10.1159/000336791 10.1097/00001648-199901000-00008 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.11.032 10.1016/S1054-139X(01)00284-1 10.1097/01.EDE.0000059230.67557.D3 10.1016/j.tjog.2013.04.015 10.1136/sti.2007.028597 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.055 10.1136/sti.2009.041053 10.2188/jea.JE20081046 10.1136/sextrans-2012-050564 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051764 10.1017/S0950268813002549 10.1371/journal.pone.0009119 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.05.089 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.06.026 10.1093/infdis/jiw388 10.1186/1471-2334-12-166 10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00095-7 10.1093/infdis/jit175 10.1097/00007435-199904000-00001 10.1136/sti.77.4.271 10.1097/00007435-199908000-00008 10.1016/0002-9378(95)90279-1 |
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| Keywords | human papillomavirus (HPV) Cambodia intravaginal practices (IVPs) female sex workers (FSWs) douching |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Authors’ contributions: TCB, MWR, and CMM developed the research concept and applied for funding. TCB, VTP, LTT, and LBH collected data. MES provided advice for biological specimen collection and performed HPV genotyping tests. TCB and LTT analyzed and interpreted the data, with advice and support from DJV. TCB and DJV were major contributors in writing the manuscript. All authors contributed to reviewing and editing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. |
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| SubjectTerms | Cambodia Cleaning Confidence intervals douching female sex workers (FSWs) Genotypes Health risks Human papillomavirus human papillomavirus (HPV) Infections intravaginal practices (IVPs) Poisson density functions Prostitution Regression analysis Regression models Risk reduction Sex Sex industry Statistical analysis Vagina Virology Washing |
| Title | Intravaginal practices and genital human papillomavirus infection among female sex workers in Cambodia |
| URI | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fjmv.25268 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30016541 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2112205250 https://search.proquest.com/docview/2071572066 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6158050 |
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