Intradermal Administration of Fractional Doses of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine: A Dose-Sparing Option for Polio Immunization

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 216; no. suppl_1; pp. S161 - S167
• Main Authors: Okayasu, Hiromasa, Sein, Carolyn, Blanc, Diana Chang, Gonzalez, Alejandro Ramirez, Zehrung, Darin, Jarrahian, Courtney, Macklin, Grace, Sutter, Roland W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 01-07-2017
• Subjects: Antibodies, Viral - immunology; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Immunization, Secondary - economics; Immunization, Secondary - methods; Infant; Injections, Intradermal - instrumentation; Injections, Intradermal - methods; IPV INTRODUCTION AND THE SWITCH; Mass Vaccination - economics; Mass Vaccination - instrumentation; Mass Vaccination - methods; Poliovirus - immunology; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - administration & dosage; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - economics; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - immunology; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - supply & distribution; Supplement; fractional; vaccine; inactivated polio vaccine; intradermal vaccination; polio; vaccination
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix038

A fractional dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (fIPV) administered by the intradermal route delivers one fifth of the full vaccine dose administered by the intramuscular route and offers a potential dose-sparing strategy to stretch the limited global IPV supply while further improving population immunity. Multiple studies have assessed immunogenicity of intradermal fIPV compared with the full intramuscular dose and demonstrated encouraging results. Novel intradermal devices, including intradermal adapters and disposable-syringe jet injectors, have also been developed and evaluated as alternatives to traditional Bacillus Calmette–Guérin needles and syringes for the administration of fIPV. Initial experience in India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka suggests that it is operationally feasible to implement fIPV vaccination on a large scale. Given the available scientific data and operational feasibility shown in early-adopted countries, countries are encouraged to consider introducing a fIPV strategy into their routine immunization and supplementary immunization activities.