Effect of ethanol on the solubility of ampicillin and phenylglycine in aqueous media

Ampicillin is one of the most consumed antibiotics. Due to environmental issues the production of ampicillin has been forbidden by the conventional chemical route. An alternative is the enzymatic route followed by crystallization of the antibiotic. Therefore, this work aims the determination of a se...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Fluid phase equilibria Vol. 424; pp. 105 - 113
Main Authors:	Felix, I.M.B., Chiavone-Filho, O., Mattedi, S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-09-2016
Subjects:	Ampicillin Antibiotics Constants Crystallization Dissociation constant Enzymatic synthesis Ethanol Ethyl alcohol Media Solubility Enzymatic synthesis Dissociation constant Ampicillin Solubility
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Ampicillin is one of the most consumed antibiotics. Due to environmental issues the production of ampicillin has been forbidden by the conventional chemical route. An alternative is the enzymatic route followed by crystallization of the antibiotic. Therefore, this work aims the determination of a series of ampicillin and phenylglycine solubility data in aqueous media using an analytical method. The measurements were carried out at 283.15 and 298.15 K, varying the pH between 3 and 8, and ethanol composition up to 70 wt%. Dissociation constants (pKa's) have also been measured at the studied temperatures and ethanol compositions. It is demonstrated that ideal thermodynamic model with the predetermined pKa's is able to describe satisfactorily solubility profiles. Solubility measurements of ampicillin and phenylglycine have been determined at different conditions of industrial interest. These data may be applied for the evaluation of the crystallization step of ampicillin in the enzymatic synthesis.
AbstractList	Ampicillin is one of the most consumed antibiotics. Due to environmental issues the production of ampicillin has been forbidden by the conventional chemical route. An alternative is the enzymatic route followed by crystallization of the antibiotic. Therefore, this work aims the determination of a series of ampicillin and phenylglycine solubility data in aqueous media using an analytical method. The measurements were carried out at 283.15 and 298.15 K, varying the pH between 3 and 8, and ethanol composition up to 70 wt%. Dissociation constants (pKa's) have also been measured at the studied temperatures and ethanol compositions. It is demonstrated that ideal thermodynamic model with the predetermined pKa's is able to describe satisfactorily solubility profiles. Solubility measurements of ampicillin and phenylglycine have been determined at different conditions of industrial interest. These data may be applied for the evaluation of the crystallization step of ampicillin in the enzymatic synthesis. Ampicillin is one of the most consumed antibiotics. Due to environmental issues the production of ampicillin has been forbidden by the conventional chemical route. An alternative is the enzymatic route followed by crystallization of the antibiotic. Therefore, this work aims the determination of a series of ampicillin and phenylglycine solubility data in aqueous media using an analytical method. The measurements were carried out at 283.15 and 298.15 K, varying the pH between 3 and 8, and ethanol composition up to 70 wt%. Dissociation constants (pKa's) have also been measured at the studied temperatures and ethanol compositions. It is demonstrated that ideal thermodynamic model with the predetermined pKa's is able to describe satisfactorily solubility profiles. Solubility measurements of ampicillin and phenylglycine have been determined at different conditions of industrial interest. These data may be applied for the evaluation of the crystallization step of ampicillin in the enzymatic synthesis.
Author	Chiavone-Filho, O. Felix, I.M.B. Mattedi, S.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: I.M.B. orcidid: 0000-0003-2790-5654 surname: Felix fullname: Felix, I.M.B. email: italla@ufersa.edu.br organization: Chemical Engineering Graduate Program, Polythechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Aristides Novis, n° 2, 40210-630, Salvador, BA, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: O. orcidid: 0000-0002-1752-5757 surname: Chiavone-Filho fullname: Chiavone-Filho, O. organization: Chemical Engineering Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, n° 3000, NUPEG-NTI, 59066-800, Natal, RN, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: S. surname: Mattedi fullname: Mattedi, S. organization: Chemical Engineering Graduate Program, Polythechnic School, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Aristides Novis, n° 2, 40210-630, Salvador, BA, Brazil
BookMark	eNp9kD9PwzAQxS1UJErhE7B4ZEmwncZ2BgZUlT9SJZYyW45zpq4cO8QpUr49CWVmOunuvbt7v2u0CDEAQneU5JRQ_nDMrT-5JmeEljmlOSHyAi2pFFVGGFsv0JIUQmaFpOwKXad0JGRScrZE-621YAYcLYbhoEP0OAY8HACn6E-1824Y56FuO2ec9y5gHRrcHSCM_tOPxgXAc_PrBPGUcAuN0zfo0mqf4PavrtDH83a_ec127y9vm6ddZtZFNWRGgy2lLEFoIZqmqirLpBAMqoISwuu6FhXXUhBW8xI4p7awjDRCcM20MaxYofvz3q6P0_00qNYlA97rMD-jqGRlSSkpxSQtzlLTx5R6sKrrXav7UVGiZobqqH4ZqpmholRNDCfX49kFU4pvB71KxkEwU8h-oqaa6P71_wASDH2N
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fluid_2017_11_033 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seppur_2021_119898 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apt_2021_08_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_cryst12111662
Cites_doi	10.1021/ie960762w 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00092-4 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01213-2 10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00048-5 10.1016/S1383-5866(99)00011-8 10.1385/ABAB:97:3:165 10.1016/j.fluid.2011.04.015 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.06.023 10.1016/j.jct.2011.08.004 10.1016/S0141-0229(96)00032-4 10.1385/ABAB:84-86:1-9:931 10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00091-6 10.1016/S0378-3812(99)00059-X 10.1016/0141-0229(95)00179-4 10.1002/aic.12082 10.1590/S0100-40422011000900029 10.1016/j.watres.2004.03.017
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2015 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2015 Elsevier B.V.
DBID	AAYXX CITATION 7SR 7U5 8BQ 8FD JG9 L7M
DOI	10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008
DatabaseName	CrossRef Engineered Materials Abstracts Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts METADEX Technology Research Database Materials Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef Materials Research Database Engineered Materials Abstracts Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts Technology Research Database Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace METADEX
DatabaseTitleList	Materials Research Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Engineering Chemistry
EISSN	1879-0224
EndPage	113
ExternalDocumentID	10_1016_j_fluid_2015_11_008 S0378381215302132
GroupedDBID	--K --M .~1 0R~ 1B1 1~. 1~5 4.4 457 4G. 5GY 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AARLI AAXUO ABMAC ABNUV ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACRLP ADBBV ADECG ADEWK ADEZE AEBSH AEKER AENEX AFKWA AFTJW AFZHZ AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHPOS AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV AJSZI AKURH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ AXJTR BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD ENUVR EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FIRID FLBIZ FNPLU FYGXN G-Q GBLVA IHE J1W KOM LX7 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 RIG RNS ROL RPZ SDF SDG SDP SES SPC SPCBC SSG SSK SSZ T5K ZMT ~G- 29H AAQXK AAXKI AAYXX ABFNM ABTAH ABXDB ACNNM ADMUD AFJKZ AKRWK ASPBG AVWKF AZFZN BBWZM CITATION FEDTE FGOYB HLY HVGLF HZ~ NDZJH R2- SCB SCE SEW WUQ XPP ZY4 7SR 7U5 8BQ 8FD JG9 L7M
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-caef5885e7a77dd999f28772e931006bbb796a8702b65e661f3f20d776a2acc23
ISSN	0378-3812
IngestDate	Fri Oct 25 00:48:44 EDT 2024 Thu Sep 26 18:27:42 EDT 2024 Fri Feb 23 02:30:20 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Keywords	Enzymatic synthesis Dissociation constant Ampicillin Solubility
Language	English
LinkModel	OpenURL
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c439t-caef5885e7a77dd999f28772e931006bbb796a8702b65e661f3f20d776a2acc23
Notes	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ORCID	0000-0003-2790-5654 0000-0002-1752-5757
PQID	1825511057
PQPubID	23500
PageCount	9
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_1825511057 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_fluid_2015_11_008 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_fluid_2015_11_008
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	20160901
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2016-09-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 09 year: 2016 text: 20160901 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationTitle	Fluid phase equilibria
PublicationYear	2016
Publisher	Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml	– name: Elsevier B.V
References	Mrestani, Neubert, Munk, Wiese (bib15) 1998; 803 Youshko, van Langen, Vroom, Moody, Rantwijk, Sheldon, Svedas (bib11) 2000; 10 Ulinj, Janssen, Moore, Halling (bib20) 2001; 7 accessed on 7.20.15. Illanes, Anjari, Arrieta, Aguirre (bib8) 2002; 97 Dutta, Dutta, Bhattacharya (bib10) 1999; 16 Hernández-Justiz, Fernández-Lafuente, Terreni, Guisan (bib6) 1998; 59 van Berlo, Gude, van der Wielen, Luyben (bib4) 1997; 36 Ospina, Barzana, Ramírez, López-Munguía (bib2) 1996; 19 Gonçalves, Fernández-Lafuente, Guisán, Giordano (bib3) 2000; 84–86 Rudolph, Zomerdijk, Luyben, van der Wielen (bib13) 1999; 158–160 Pereira, Garabeli, Schunemann, Borck (bib17) 2011; 34 Fernández-Lafuente, Rosell, Piatkowska, Guisán (bib19) 1996; 19 Franco, Pessoa Filho (bib18) 2011; 25 Qiang, Adams (bib16) 2004; 38 Illanés, Fajardo (bib7) 2001; 11 Sistema Alice – MDIC, Brazil, available in Manic, Najdanovic-Visak (bib5) 2012; 44 Aguirre, Toledo, Medina, Illanes (bib9) 2002; 38 Demiralay, Koç, Daldal, Çakir (bib14) 2012; 71 Santana, Ribeiro, Leite, Giordano, Giordano, Mattedi (bib12) 2010; 56 Gonçalves (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib3) 2000; 84–86 Ospina (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib2) 1996; 19 Illanés (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib7) 2001; 11 Santana (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib12) 2010; 56 Illanes (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib8) 2002; 97 Ulinj (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib20) 2001; 7 Franco (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib18) 2011; 25 Hernández-Justiz (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib6) 1998; 59 Rudolph (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib13) 1999; 158–160 Aguirre (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib9) 2002; 38 van Berlo (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib4) 1997; 36 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib1 Mrestani (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib15) 1998; 803 Pereira (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib17) 2011; 34 Demiralay (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib14) 2012; 71 Manic (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib5) 2012; 44 Qiang (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib16) 2004; 38 Dutta (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib10) 1999; 16 Fernández-Lafuente (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib19) 1996; 19 Youshko (10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib11) 2000; 10
References_xml	– volume: 19 start-page: 462 year: 1996 end-page: 469 ident: bib2 publication-title: Enzyme Microb. Technol. contributor: fullname: López-Munguía – volume: 44 start-page: 102 year: 2012 end-page: 106 ident: bib5 publication-title: J. Chem. Thermodyn. contributor: fullname: Najdanovic-Visak – volume: 38 start-page: 351 year: 2002 end-page: 360 ident: bib9 publication-title: Process Biochem. contributor: fullname: Illanes – volume: 56 start-page: 1578 year: 2010 end-page: 1583 ident: bib12 publication-title: Alche J. contributor: fullname: Mattedi – volume: 158–160 start-page: 903 year: 1999 end-page: 912 ident: bib13 publication-title: Fluid Phase Equilib. contributor: fullname: van der Wielen – volume: 19 start-page: 9 year: 1996 end-page: 14 ident: bib19 publication-title: Enz. Microb. Technol. contributor: fullname: Guisán – volume: 25 start-page: 242 year: 2011 end-page: 250 ident: bib18 publication-title: Fluid Phase Equilib. contributor: fullname: Pessoa Filho – volume: 36 start-page: 2474 year: 1997 end-page: 2482 ident: bib4 publication-title: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. contributor: fullname: Luyben – volume: 71 start-page: 139 year: 2012 end-page: 143 ident: bib14 publication-title: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. contributor: fullname: Çakir – volume: 84–86 start-page: 931 year: 2000 end-page: 945 ident: bib3 publication-title: Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. contributor: fullname: Giordano – volume: 16 start-page: 213 year: 1999 end-page: 224 ident: bib10 publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. contributor: fullname: Bhattacharya – volume: 10 start-page: 509 year: 2000 end-page: 515 ident: bib11 publication-title: J. Mol. Catal. B Enzym contributor: fullname: Svedas – volume: 59 start-page: 73 year: 1998 end-page: 79 ident: bib6 publication-title: Enzyme Microb. Technol. contributor: fullname: Guisan – volume: 803 start-page: 273 year: 1998 end-page: 278 ident: bib15 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A contributor: fullname: Wiese – volume: 7 start-page: 2089 year: 2001 end-page: 2098 ident: bib20 publication-title: J. Chem. contributor: fullname: Halling – volume: 11 start-page: 587 year: 2001 end-page: 595 ident: bib7 publication-title: J. Mol. Catal. B Enzym contributor: fullname: Fajardo – volume: 38 start-page: 2874 year: 2004 end-page: 2890 ident: bib16 publication-title: Water Res. contributor: fullname: Adams – volume: 34 start-page: 1656 year: 2011 end-page: 1660 ident: bib17 publication-title: Quim. Nova contributor: fullname: Borck – volume: 97 start-page: 165 year: 2002 end-page: 179 ident: bib8 publication-title: Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. contributor: fullname: Aguirre – volume: 36 start-page: 2474 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib4 publication-title: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. doi: 10.1021/ie960762w contributor: fullname: van Berlo – volume: 38 start-page: 351 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib9 publication-title: Process Biochem. doi: 10.1016/S0032-9592(02)00092-4 contributor: fullname: Aguirre – volume: 803 start-page: 273 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib15 publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(97)01213-2 contributor: fullname: Mrestani – volume: 11 start-page: 587 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib7 publication-title: J. Mol. Catal. B Enzym doi: 10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00048-5 contributor: fullname: Illanés – volume: 16 start-page: 213 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib10 publication-title: Sep. Purif. Technol. doi: 10.1016/S1383-5866(99)00011-8 contributor: fullname: Dutta – volume: 97 start-page: 165 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib8 publication-title: Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1385/ABAB:97:3:165 contributor: fullname: Illanes – volume: 25 start-page: 242 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib18 publication-title: Fluid Phase Equilib. doi: 10.1016/j.fluid.2011.04.015 contributor: fullname: Franco – volume: 71 start-page: 139 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib14 publication-title: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.06.023 contributor: fullname: Demiralay – volume: 44 start-page: 102 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib5 publication-title: J. Chem. Thermodyn. doi: 10.1016/j.jct.2011.08.004 contributor: fullname: Manic – volume: 19 start-page: 462 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib2 publication-title: Enzyme Microb. Technol. doi: 10.1016/S0141-0229(96)00032-4 contributor: fullname: Ospina – volume: 84–86 start-page: 931 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib3 publication-title: Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1385/ABAB:84-86:1-9:931 contributor: fullname: Gonçalves – volume: 10 start-page: 509 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib11 publication-title: J. Mol. Catal. B Enzym doi: 10.1016/S1381-1177(00)00091-6 contributor: fullname: Youshko – volume: 158–160 start-page: 903 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib13 publication-title: Fluid Phase Equilib. doi: 10.1016/S0378-3812(99)00059-X contributor: fullname: Rudolph – volume: 19 start-page: 9 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib19 publication-title: Enz. Microb. Technol. doi: 10.1016/0141-0229(95)00179-4 contributor: fullname: Fernández-Lafuente – volume: 56 start-page: 1578 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib12 publication-title: Alche J. doi: 10.1002/aic.12082 contributor: fullname: Santana – volume: 7 start-page: 2089 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib20 publication-title: J. Chem. contributor: fullname: Ulinj – volume: 34 start-page: 1656 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib17 publication-title: Quim. Nova doi: 10.1590/S0100-40422011000900029 contributor: fullname: Pereira – volume: 59 start-page: 73 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib6 publication-title: Enzyme Microb. Technol. contributor: fullname: Hernández-Justiz – volume: 38 start-page: 2874 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib16 publication-title: Water Res. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2004.03.017 contributor: fullname: Qiang – ident: 10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008_bib1
SSID	ssj0001562
Score	2.2282238
Snippet	Ampicillin is one of the most consumed antibiotics. Due to environmental issues the production of ampicillin has been forbidden by the conventional chemical...
SourceID	proquest crossref elsevier
SourceType	Aggregation Database Publisher
StartPage	105
SubjectTerms	Ampicillin Antibiotics Constants Crystallization Dissociation constant Enzymatic synthesis Ethanol Ethyl alcohol Media Solubility
Title	Effect of ethanol on the solubility of ampicillin and phenylglycine in aqueous media
URI	https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2015.11.008 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1825511057
Volume	424
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link	http://sdu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3Nb9MwFLfYdgAOCAaI8SUjcRuJGufD7nGMVhsScFiRdrPs2IZMId3GirT_nvdsJylUIEDiErVO4yTv_fq-n03ISye4MoWqE-2YxS3MskQLbRJTYFbM8Mz5FfiOTvj7U_FmVszGjOk49l85DWPAa-yc_QtuD5PCAHwGnsMRuA7HP-J7XI4YbECLUfFlG9MB-3hbXwnrc-rqy3lTY6wlFCNjpdd1-6m9xjw7xkAU6AusjvWdJesW7LxdNfh70H779mLV-J6BQbbPbdt4dXacvktfp2PxQKO-LTubzJv2sw_OfhjO4Y7jcBMfhk3XgxBZNVRZxcjYRndM6MjC0gsRy6RtELCCw5Us9E33EriIX4MMzSblmjrOQqvqhqQPQYez1OFbY4lemeJqrBMxKrah3PAEnwQfJMM9ksD_3iI7DAQTyMWdg-PZ6dtBd4M3G_JO8cn7dap8ReDGrX5ly_yk1b2psrhL7kQfgx4EcNwjN2y3S24e9lv77ZLba6tQ3ieLABm6dDRChi47CpChI2Tw5AgZCpChP0CG4mCADPWQeUA-zmeLw6MkbraR1GCTXiW1sq4UorRccW4M-A0OnGnO7BRTQJXWmk8rBdKd6aq0YNW53LGJ4bxSTNU1yx-S7Q6A9IjQrNBV7oxhVsDcRTatcwdqrHBukhtdsD3yqiebPA9rqsi-2PBMeipLpDJ4pxKovEeqnrQymoXB3JOAhd9f-KJnhAQCYyZMdUgICU41eAq4xfXjf538Cbk1_hGeku2ry5V9Rra-mtXzCKrvD86QWw
link.rule.ids	315,782,786,27933,27934
linkProvider	Elsevier
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effect+of+ethanol+on+the+solubility+of+ampicillin+and+phenylglycine+in+aqueous+media&rft.jtitle=Fluid+phase+equilibria&rft.au=Felix%2C+I.M.B.&rft.au=Chiavone-Filho%2C+O.&rft.au=Mattedi%2C+S.&rft.date=2016-09-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+B.V&rft.issn=0378-3812&rft.eissn=1879-0224&rft.volume=424&rft.spage=105&rft.epage=113&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.fluid.2015.11.008&rft.externalDocID=S0378381215302132
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0378-3812&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0378-3812&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0378-3812&client=summon