Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and oxidative stress in monocrotaline-induced right heart dysfunction

• Published in: Molecular and cellular biochemistry Vol. 432; no. 1-2; pp. 33 - 39
• Main Authors: Puukila, Stephanie, Fernandes, Rafael Oliveira, Türck, Patrick, Carraro, Cristina Campos, Bonetto, Jéssica Hellen Poletto, de Lima-Seolin, Bruna Gazzi, da Rosa Araujo, Alex Sander, Belló-Klein, Adriane, Boreham, Douglas, Khaper, Neelam
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-08-2017; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Alanine; Alanine transaminase; Analysis; Animals; Aspartate transaminase; Attenuation; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Blood pressure; Blood vessels; Butylene Glycols - pharmacology; Cardiology; Cardiomegaly - chemically induced; Cardiomegaly - drug therapy; Cardiomegaly - metabolism; Cardiomegaly - physiopathology; Catalase; Glucosides - pharmacology; Glutathione; Glutathione peroxidase; Heart; Heart diseases; Heart failure; Heart hypertrophy; Hypertension; Hypertrophy; Injection; Life Sciences; Lipid peroxidation; Lungs; Male; Medical Biochemistry; Monocrotaline; Monocrotaline - toxicity; Oncology; Oxidation; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pathogenesis; Peroxidase; Peroxidation; Plasma levels; Plasmas (physics); Pretreatment; Pulmonary hypertension; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive oxygen species; Rodents; Superoxide dismutase; Superoxides; Transaminase; Ventricle; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - chemically induced; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - drug therapy; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - metabolism; Ventricular Dysfunction, Right - physiopathology; Antioxidants; Cardiac hypertrophy; Oxidative stress; Pulmonary arterial hypertension; Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside; Monocrotaline
• ISSN: 0300-8177; 1573-4919
• DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2995-z

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) occurs when remodeling of pulmonary vessels leads to increased pulmonary vascular resistance resulting in increased pulmonary arterial pressure. Increased pulmonary arterial pressure results in right ventricle hypertrophy and eventually heart failure. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH and may play a role in the regulation of cellular signaling involved in cardiac response to pressure overload. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), a component from flaxseed, has been shown to reduce cardiac oxidative stress in various pathophysiological conditions. We investigated the potential protective effects of SDG in a monocrotaline-induced model of PAH. Five- to six-week-old male Wistar rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (60 mg/kg) and sacrificed 21 days later where heart, lung, and plasma were collected. SDG (25 mg/kg) was given via gavage as either a 21-day co-treatment or pre-treatment of 14 days before monocrotaline administration and continued for 21 days. Monocrotaline led to right ventricle hypertrophy, increased lipid peroxidation, and elevated plasma levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). Co-treatment with SDG did not attenuate hypertrophy or ALT and AST levels but decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and catalase and superoxide dismutase activity compared to the monocrotaline-treated group. Pre-treatment with SDG decreased right ventricle hypertrophy, ROS levels, lipid peroxidation, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activity and plasma levels of ALT and AST when compared to the monocrotaline group. These findings indicate that pre-treatment with SDG provided better protection than co-treatment in this model of right heart dysfunction, suggesting an important role for SDG in PAH and right ventricular remodeling.