Good to the bone: microbial community thrives within bone cavities of a bison carcass at Yellowstone National Park
Summary The discovery of unanticipated microbial diversity in remote, often hostile environments has led to a greater appreciation of the complexity and richness of the natural world. Yellowstone National Park (YNP) has long been a focus of work on taxa that inhabit extreme environments. Here we rep...
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| Published in: | Environmental microbiology Vol. 13; no. 9; pp. 2403 - 2415 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01-09-2011
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| Abstract | Summary
The discovery of unanticipated microbial diversity in remote, often hostile environments has led to a greater appreciation of the complexity and richness of the natural world. Yellowstone National Park (YNP) has long been a focus of work on taxa that inhabit extreme environments. Here we report the finding of microbial flora that inhabit an unexpected niche: the cavities of bone remnants from a bison carcass in Norris Geyser Basin in YNP. Although bleached white on the surface, the bone cavities are bright green due to the presence of Stichococcus‐like trebouxiophyte green algae. The cavities also harbour different fungi and bacteria. Stichococcus species are common lichen photobionts and the Thelebolales fungi present in the bone cavities have previously been found in association with animal remains. Scanning electron microscope analysis suggests the fungi and algae do not form lichen‐like associations in the bone. Rather these taxa and the bacteria appear to be opportunists that have colonized an isolated oasis that provides nutrients and protection from desiccation and UV radiation. |
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| AbstractList | Summary
The discovery of unanticipated microbial diversity in remote, often hostile environments has led to a greater appreciation of the complexity and richness of the natural world. Yellowstone National Park (YNP) has long been a focus of work on taxa that inhabit extreme environments. Here we report the finding of microbial flora that inhabit an unexpected niche: the cavities of bone remnants from a bison carcass in Norris Geyser Basin in YNP. Although bleached white on the surface, the bone cavities are bright green due to the presence of Stichococcus‐like trebouxiophyte green algae. The cavities also harbour different fungi and bacteria. Stichococcus species are common lichen photobionts and the Thelebolales fungi present in the bone cavities have previously been found in association with animal remains. Scanning electron microscope analysis suggests the fungi and algae do not form lichen‐like associations in the bone. Rather these taxa and the bacteria appear to be opportunists that have colonized an isolated oasis that provides nutrients and protection from desiccation and UV radiation. The discovery of unanticipated microbial diversity in remote, often hostile environments has led to a greater appreciation of the complexity and richness of the natural world. Yellowstone National Park (YNP) has long been a focus of work on taxa that inhabit extreme environments. Here we report the finding of microbial flora that inhabit an unexpected niche: the cavities of bone remnants from a bison carcass in Norris Geyser Basin in YNP. Although bleached white on the surface, the bone cavities are bright green due to the presence of Stichococcus-like trebouxiophyte green algae. The cavities also harbour different fungi and bacteria. Stichococcus species are common lichen photobionts and the Thelebolales fungi present in the bone cavities have previously been found in association with animal remains. Scanning electron microscope analysis suggests the fungi and algae do not form lichen-like associations in the bone. Rather these taxa and the bacteria appear to be opportunists that have colonized an isolated oasis that provides nutrients and protection from desiccation and UV radiation. The discovery of unanticipated microbial diversity in remote, often hostile environments has led to a greater appreciation of the complexity and richness of the natural world. Yellowstone National Park (YNP) has long been a focus of work on taxa that inhabit extreme environments. Here we report the finding of microbial flora that inhabit an unexpected niche: the cavities of bone remnants from a bison carcass in Norris Geyser Basin in YNP. Although bleached white on the surface, the bone cavities are bright green due to the presence of Stichococcus ‐like trebouxiophyte green algae. The cavities also harbour different fungi and bacteria. Stichococcus species are common lichen photobionts and the Thelebolales fungi present in the bone cavities have previously been found in association with animal remains. Scanning electron microscope analysis suggests the fungi and algae do not form lichen‐like associations in the bone. Rather these taxa and the bacteria appear to be opportunists that have colonized an isolated oasis that provides nutrients and protection from desiccation and UV radiation. |
| Author | Reeb, Valérie Bhattacharya, Debashish Kolel, Avraham McDermott, Timothy R. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Valérie surname: Reeb fullname: Reeb, Valérie organization: Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Avraham surname: Kolel fullname: Kolel, Avraham organization: Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Timothy R. surname: McDermott fullname: McDermott, Timothy R. organization: Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, and Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State University Bozeman, MT 59717, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Debashish surname: Bhattacharya fullname: Bhattacharya, Debashish email: bhattacharya@aesop.rutgers.edu organization: Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources and Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21044237$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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The discovery of unanticipated microbial diversity in remote, often hostile environments has led to a greater appreciation of the complexity and... The discovery of unanticipated microbial diversity in remote, often hostile environments has led to a greater appreciation of the complexity and richness of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Bacteria - genetics Bacteria - growth & development Bison - microbiology Bone and Bones - microbiology Bone and Bones - ultrastructure Chlorophyta - genetics Chlorophyta - growth & development DNA, Ribosomal - genetics Ecosystem Environmental Microbiology Fungi - genetics Fungi - growth & development Gene Library Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Phylogeny Stichococcus Wyoming |
| Title | Good to the bone: microbial community thrives within bone cavities of a bison carcass at Yellowstone National Park |
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