Discovery of Novel Alphacoronaviruses in European Rodents and Shrews

Eight hundred and thirteen European rodents and shrews encompassing seven different species were screened for alphacoronaviruses using PCR detection. Novel alphacoronaviruses were detected in the species Rattus norvegicus, Microtus agrestis, Sorex araneus and Myodes glareolus. These, together with t...

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Published in:	Viruses Vol. 8; no. 3; p. 84
Main Authors:	Tsoleridis, Theocharis, Onianwa, Okechukwu, Horncastle, Emma, Dayman, Emma, Zhu, Miaoran, Danjittrong, Taechasit, Wachtl, Marta, Behnke, Jerzy M, Chapman, Sarah, Strong, Victoria, Dobbs, Phillipa, Ball, Jonathan K, Tarlinton, Rachael E, McClure, C Patrick
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Switzerland MDPI 18-03-2016 MDPI AG
Subjects:	alphacoronavirus Animals Communication Coronavirus - classification Coronavirus - isolation & purification Coronavirus Infections - veterinary Coronavirus Infections - virology coronaviruses Europe Genotype Mass Screening Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction Rodentia - virology rodents Sequence Analysis, DNA shrews Shrews - virology Viral Proteins - genetics shrews alphacoronavirus coronaviruses rodents
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Abstract	Eight hundred and thirteen European rodents and shrews encompassing seven different species were screened for alphacoronaviruses using PCR detection. Novel alphacoronaviruses were detected in the species Rattus norvegicus, Microtus agrestis, Sorex araneus and Myodes glareolus. These, together with the recently described Lucheng virus found in China, form a distinct rodent/shrew-specific clade within the coronavirus phylogeny. Across a highly conserved region of the viral polymerase gene, the new members of this clade were up to 22% dissimilar at the nucleotide level to the previously described Lucheng virus. As such they might represent distinct species of alphacoronaviruses. These data greatly extend our knowledge of wildlife reservoirs of alphacoronaviruses.
AbstractList	Eight hundred and thirteen European rodents and shrews encompassing seven different species were screened for alphacoronaviruses using PCR detection. Novel alphacoronaviruses were detected in the species Rattus norvegicus, Microtus agrestis, Sorex araneus and Myodes glareolus. These, together with the recently described Lucheng virus found in China, form a distinct rodent/shrew-specific clade within the coronavirus phylogeny. Across a highly conserved region of the viral polymerase gene, the new members of this clade were up to 22% dissimilar at the nucleotide level to the previously described Lucheng virus. As such they might represent distinct species of alphacoronaviruses. These data greatly extend our knowledge of wildlife reservoirs of alphacoronaviruses. Eight hundred and thirteen European rodents and shrews encompassing seven different species were screened for alphacoronaviruses using PCR detection. Novel alphacoronaviruses were detected in the species Rattus norvegicus , Microtus agrestis, Sorex araneus and Myodes glareolus. These, together with the recently described Lucheng virus found in China, form a distinct rodent/shrew-specific clade within the coronavirus phylogeny. Across a highly conserved region of the viral polymerase gene, the new members of this clade were up to 22% dissimilar at the nucleotide level to the previously described Lucheng virus. As such they might represent distinct species of alphacoronaviruses. These data greatly extend our knowledge of wildlife reservoirs of alphacoronaviruses.
Author	Strong, Victoria Onianwa, Okechukwu Dayman, Emma Ball, Jonathan K Wachtl, Marta Horncastle, Emma Behnke, Jerzy M Danjittrong, Taechasit McClure, C Patrick Chapman, Sarah Tarlinton, Rachael E Zhu, Miaoran Dobbs, Phillipa Tsoleridis, Theocharis
AuthorAffiliation	1 School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; stxtt6@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk (T.T.); nixoo@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk (O.O.); stxerh@nottingham.ac.uk (E.H.); stxed3@nottingham.ac.uk (E.D.); msxmz@nottingham.ac.uk (M.Z.); taechasit@live.com (T.D.); mzymw3@nottingham.ac.uk (M.W.); J.Behnke@nottingham.ac.uk (J.M.B.); patrick.mcclure@nottingham.ac.uk (C.P.M.) 2 Twycross Zoo, Burton Road, Atherstone, Warwickshire CV9 3PX, UK; sarah.chapman@twycrosszoo.org (S.C.); ntxvjs@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk (V.S.); phillipa.dobbs@twycrosszoo.org (P.D.) 3 School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; rachael.tarlinton@nottingham.ac.uk
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 3 School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; rachael.tarlinton@nottingham.ac.uk – name: 1 School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; stxtt6@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk (T.T.); nixoo@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk (O.O.); stxerh@nottingham.ac.uk (E.H.); stxed3@nottingham.ac.uk (E.D.); msxmz@nottingham.ac.uk (M.Z.); taechasit@live.com (T.D.); mzymw3@nottingham.ac.uk (M.W.); J.Behnke@nottingham.ac.uk (J.M.B.); patrick.mcclure@nottingham.ac.uk (C.P.M.) – name: 2 Twycross Zoo, Burton Road, Atherstone, Warwickshire CV9 3PX, UK; sarah.chapman@twycrosszoo.org (S.C.); ntxvjs@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk (V.S.); phillipa.dobbs@twycrosszoo.org (P.D.)
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Theocharis surname: Tsoleridis fullname: Tsoleridis, Theocharis email: stxtt6@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. stxtt6@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 2 givenname: Okechukwu surname: Onianwa fullname: Onianwa, Okechukwu email: nixoo@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. nixoo@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 3 givenname: Emma surname: Horncastle fullname: Horncastle, Emma email: stxerh@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. stxerh@nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 4 givenname: Emma surname: Dayman fullname: Dayman, Emma email: stxed3@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. stxed3@nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 5 givenname: Miaoran surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Miaoran email: msxmz@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. msxmz@nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 6 givenname: Taechasit surname: Danjittrong fullname: Danjittrong, Taechasit email: taechasit@live.com organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. taechasit@live.com – sequence: 7 givenname: Marta surname: Wachtl fullname: Wachtl, Marta email: mzymw3@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. mzymw3@nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 8 givenname: Jerzy M surname: Behnke fullname: Behnke, Jerzy M email: J.Behnke@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. J.Behnke@nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 9 givenname: Sarah surname: Chapman fullname: Chapman, Sarah email: sarah.chapman@twycrosszoo.org organization: Twycross Zoo, Burton Road, Atherstone, Warwickshire CV9 3PX, UK. sarah.chapman@twycrosszoo.org – sequence: 10 givenname: Victoria surname: Strong fullname: Strong, Victoria email: ntxvjs@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk organization: Twycross Zoo, Burton Road, Atherstone, Warwickshire CV9 3PX, UK. ntxvjs@exmail.nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 11 givenname: Phillipa surname: Dobbs fullname: Dobbs, Phillipa email: phillipa.dobbs@twycrosszoo.org organization: Twycross Zoo, Burton Road, Atherstone, Warwickshire CV9 3PX, UK. phillipa.dobbs@twycrosszoo.org – sequence: 12 givenname: Jonathan K surname: Ball fullname: Ball, Jonathan K email: jonathan.ball@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. jonathan.ball@nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 13 givenname: Rachael E surname: Tarlinton fullname: Tarlinton, Rachael E email: rachael.tarlinton@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK. rachael.tarlinton@nottingham.ac.uk – sequence: 14 givenname: C Patrick surname: McClure fullname: McClure, C Patrick email: patrick.mcclure@nottingham.ac.uk organization: School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. patrick.mcclure@nottingham.ac.uk
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SubjectTerms	alphacoronavirus Animals Communication Coronavirus - classification Coronavirus - isolation & purification Coronavirus Infections - veterinary Coronavirus Infections - virology coronaviruses Europe Genotype Mass Screening Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction Rodentia - virology rodents Sequence Analysis, DNA shrews Shrews - virology Viral Proteins - genetics
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Title	Discovery of Novel Alphacoronaviruses in European Rodents and Shrews
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