Sympathetic nervous modulation of the skin innate and adaptive immune response to peptidoglycan but not lipopolysaccharide: Involvement of β-adrenoceptors and relevance in inflammatory diseases
Abstract Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus and vitiligo have also been associated with local alterations of adrenergic mechanisms and emotional...
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| Published in: | Brain, behavior, and immunity Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 80 - 88 |
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| Abstract | Abstract Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus and vitiligo have also been associated with local alterations of adrenergic mechanisms and emotional stress. Here we show that the β-adrenergic receptors antagonist propranolol along with peptidoglycan, but not LPS, combined with intradermal injection of a soluble protein, shifted the recall memory response to the Th1 type. The specific β2-AR antagonist ICI 118,551 did not reproduce this effect suggesting that inhibition of both β1- and β2-AR caused the Th1 polarization. The underlying mechanism included enhanced local expression of IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-23 as well as of IFN-β and CXCR3 ligands during the innate phase of the response which resulted in an increase of antigen-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the draining lymph node. In particular, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, and IFN-β inducible genes expression appeared to involve also the β1-AR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and IL-23 were recently reported to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. Thus, primary β-adrenoceptors signaling defects or altered sympathetic nervous activity together with selected pattern recognition receptors activation might serve as initiation and/or persistence factors for numerous Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases. |
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| AbstractList | Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus and vitiligo have also been associated with local alterations of adrenergic mechanisms and emotional stress. Here we show that the β-adrenergic receptors antagonist propranolol along with peptidoglycan, but not LPS, combined with intradermal injection of a soluble protein, shifted the recall memory response to the Th1 type. The specific β2-AR antagonist ICI 118,551 did not reproduce this effect suggesting that inhibition of both β1- and β2-AR caused the Th1 polarization. The underlying mechanism included enhanced local expression of IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-23 as well as of IFN-β and CXCR3 ligands during the innate phase of the response which resulted in an increase of antigen-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the draining lymph node. In particular, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, and IFN-β inducible genes expression appeared to involve also the β1-AR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and IL-23 were recently reported to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. Thus, primary β-adrenoceptors signaling defects or altered sympathetic nervous activity together with selected pattern recognition receptors activation might serve as initiation and/or persistence factors for numerous Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases. Abstract Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus and vitiligo have also been associated with local alterations of adrenergic mechanisms and emotional stress. Here we show that the β-adrenergic receptors antagonist propranolol along with peptidoglycan, but not LPS, combined with intradermal injection of a soluble protein, shifted the recall memory response to the Th1 type. The specific β2-AR antagonist ICI 118,551 did not reproduce this effect suggesting that inhibition of both β1- and β2-AR caused the Th1 polarization. The underlying mechanism included enhanced local expression of IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-23 as well as of IFN-β and CXCR3 ligands during the innate phase of the response which resulted in an increase of antigen-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the draining lymph node. In particular, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, and IFN-β inducible genes expression appeared to involve also the β1-AR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and IL-23 were recently reported to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. Thus, primary β-adrenoceptors signaling defects or altered sympathetic nervous activity together with selected pattern recognition receptors activation might serve as initiation and/or persistence factors for numerous Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases. Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus and vitiligo have also been associated with local alterations of adrenergic mechanisms and emotional stress. Here we show that the beta-adrenergic receptors antagonist propranolol along with peptidoglycan, but not LPS, combined with intradermal injection of a soluble protein, shifted the recall memory response to the Th1 type. The specific beta2-AR antagonist ICI 118,551 did not reproduce this effect suggesting that inhibition of both beta1- and beta2-AR caused the Th1 polarization. The underlying mechanism included enhanced local expression of IFN-gamma, IL-12 and IL-23 as well as of IFN-beta and CXCR3 ligands during the innate phase of the response which resulted in an increase of antigen-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the draining lymph node. In particular, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, and IFN-beta inducible genes expression appeared to involve also the beta1-AR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and IL-23 were recently reported to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. Thus, primary beta-adrenoceptors signaling defects or altered sympathetic nervous activity together with selected pattern recognition receptors activation might serve as initiation and/or persistence factors for numerous Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases. Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lichen planus and vitiligo have also been associated with local alterations of adrenergic mechanisms and emotional stress. Here we show that the beta -adrenergic receptors antagonist propranolol along with peptidoglycan, but not LPS, combined with intradermal injection of a soluble protein, shifted the recall memory response to the Th1 type. The specific beta 2-AR antagonist ICI 118,551 did not reproduce this effect suggesting that inhibition of both beta 1- and beta 2-AR caused the Th1 polarization. The underlying mechanism included enhanced local expression of IFN- gamma , IL-12 and IL-23 as well as of IFN- beta and CXCR3 ligands during the innate phase of the response which resulted in an increase of antigen-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the draining lymph node. In particular, modulation of inflammatory cytokines, and IFN- beta inducible genes expression appeared to involve also the beta 1-AR. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and IL-23 were recently reported to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. Thus, primary beta -adrenoceptors signaling defects or altered sympathetic nervous activity together with selected pattern recognition receptors activation might serve as initiation and/or persistence factors for numerous Th1-sustained inflammatory skin diseases. |
| Author | Manni, Michela Maestroni, Georges J.M |
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| Keywords | Autoimmunity Plasmacytoid dendritic cells Acquired inflammatory diseases Interleukin-23 Skin β-Adrenoceptors Sympathetic nervous system Pattern recognition receptors |
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| Snippet | Abstract Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including... Disorders of the skin immune activity are implicated in the pathogenesis of acquired inflammatory skin disorders. Inflammatory diseases including psoriasis,... |
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| SubjectTerms | Acquired inflammatory diseases Adaptation, Physiological Adrenergic beta-Antagonists - pharmacology Allergy and Immunology Animals Autoimmunity Betaxolol - pharmacology Cell Movement - drug effects Dendritic Cells - drug effects Dendritic Cells - immunology Female Immunity, Innate - drug effects Immunization Immunologic Memory - drug effects Inflammation - immunology Injections, Intradermal Interferon-beta - metabolism Interleukin-23 Ligands Lipopolysaccharides - administration & dosage Lipopolysaccharides - immunology Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mice, Transgenic Ovalbumin - immunology Pattern recognition receptors Peptidoglycan - administration & dosage Peptidoglycan - immunology Peptidoglycan - pharmacology Plasmacytoid dendritic cells Propanolamines - pharmacology Propranolol - pharmacology Psychiatry Receptors, Adrenergic, beta - metabolism Receptors, CXCR3 - metabolism Skin Skin - cytology Skin - immunology Skin - metabolism Skin Diseases - immunology Sympathetic nervous system Sympathetic Nervous System - physiology Th1 Cells - immunology β-Adrenoceptors |
| Title | Sympathetic nervous modulation of the skin innate and adaptive immune response to peptidoglycan but not lipopolysaccharide: Involvement of β-adrenoceptors and relevance in inflammatory diseases |
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