Betaine Protects Chronic Alcohol and ω-3 PUFA-Mediated Down-Regulations of PON1 Gene, Serum PON1 and Homocysteine Thiolactonase Activities With Restoration of Liver GSH

Background: Paraoxonase (PON1) is an antioxidant enzyme that prevents LDL oxidation as well as detoxifies homocysteine thiolactone (HCTL), both of which can cause atherosclerosis. Chronic alcohol (ETOH) and high ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω‐3 PUFA) consumption may affect PON1 status presumabl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research Vol. 34; no. 3; pp. 424 - 431
Main Authors:	Varatharajalu, Ravi, Garige, Mamatha, Leckey, Leslie C., Gong, Maokai, Lakshman, M. Raj
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-03-2010 Wiley
Subjects:	Alanine Transaminase - blood Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning Animals Aryldialkylphosphatase - blood Aryldialkylphosphatase - genetics Betaine - administration & dosage Biological and medical sciences Body Weight - drug effects Central Nervous System Depressants - administration & dosage Down-Regulation - drug effects Ethanol Ethanol - administration & dosage Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - administration & dosage Female Fish Oil Glutathione Glutathione - metabolism Homocysteine Thiolactonase Lipid Metabolism - drug effects Liver - drug effects Liver - metabolism Medical sciences Organ Size - drug effects Paraoxonase Rats Rats, Wistar RNA, Messenger - metabolism Toxicology Biological fluid Thiol Ethanol Digestive system Enzyme Hepatoprotector Liver Esterases Paraoxonase Fish oil Homocysteine Thiolactonase Biological activity Sulfur containing aminoacid Prevention Phosphoric triester hydrolases Alcoholic beverage Chronic Gene Homocystein Betaine Hydrolases Serum Aryldialkylphosphatase Glutathione
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