Extracellular matrix-derived peptides in tissue remodeling and fibrosis

• Published in: Matrix biology Vol. 91-92; pp. 176 - 187
• Main Authors: de Castro Brás, Lisandra E., Frangogiannis, Nikolaos G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-09-2020; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins - genetics; Calcium-Binding Proteins - metabolism; Collagen - classification; Collagen - genetics; Collagen - metabolism; Elastin - genetics; Elastin - metabolism; Endothelial Cells - metabolism; Endothelial Cells - pathology; Extracellular matrix; Extracellular Matrix - chemistry; Extracellular Matrix - metabolism; Extracellular Matrix - pathology; Fibroblasts; Fibroblasts - chemistry; Fibroblasts - metabolism; Fibroblasts - pathology; Fibronectins - genetics; Fibronectins - metabolism; Fibrosis; Fibrosis - genetics; Fibrosis - metabolism; Fibrosis - pathology; Gene Expression Regulation; Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans - genetics; Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans - metabolism; Humans; Inflammation; Matricryptins; Neutrophils - metabolism; Neutrophils - pathology; Peptides; Peptides - genetics; Peptides - metabolism; Phenotypes; Proteolysis; Remodeling; Signal Transduction; Tenascin - genetics; Tenascin - metabolism; Transforming Growth Factor beta - genetics; Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism; Wound Healing - genetics; ROCK; SPARC; Peptides; ADAMTS; Remodeling; LTBP1; MT-MMP; Fibroblasts; PDGFR; VEGFR; Extracellular matrix; TLR; MI; EC; OP; Matricryptins; ACE; VEGF; Fn; Akt; MAPK; ECM; RhoA; FAK; MMP; PDGF; Fibrosis; TGFβ; HA; ITG; UIP; IPF; COPD; ERK
• ISSN: 0945-053X; 1569-1802
• DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.04.006

•Fibroblasts are essential cells for ECM homeostasis.•ECM proteolytic cleavage generates biologically active peptides named matricryptins.•Matricryptins modulate fibroblast functions.•Matricryptins may be involved in the pathogenesis of fibrotic conditions.
Alterations in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) critically regulate the cellular responses in tissue repair, remodeling, and fibrosis. After injury, proteolytic degradation of ECM generates bioactive ECM fragments, named matricryptins, exposing cryptic sites with actions distinct from the parent molecule. Matricryptins contribute to the regulation of inflammatory, reparative, and fibrogenic cascades through effects on several different cell types both in acute and chronic settings. Fibroblasts play a major role in matricryptin generation not only as the main cellular source of ECM proteins, but also as producers of matrix-degrading proteases. Moreover, several matricryptins exert fibrogenic or reparative actions by modulating fibroblast phenotype and function. This review manuscript focuses on the mechanisms of matricyptin generation in injured and remodeling tissues with an emphasis on fibroblast-matricryptin interactions.