Prognostic Factors Associated with Acute Heart Failure in Patients Admitted for COVID-19: Analysis of the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

• Published in: Journal of clinical medicine Vol. 12; no. 14; p. 4649
• Main Authors: Méndez Bailón, Manuel, Lorenzo Villalba, Noel, Garcia Onrubia, Jorge, Rubio Rivas, Manuel, Nuñez Rodriguez, Maria Victoria, de Los Reyes Pascual Pérez, María, Díaz Pedroche, Carmen, Fonseca Aizpuru, Eva María, Villalba Garcia, Maria Victoria, Garcia Garcia, Gema Maria, Pesqueira Fontán, Paula María, Artero, Arturo, Montero Hernandez, Esther, Alcalá Pedrajas, José Nicolás, Giner Galvan, Vicente, Monge Monge, Daniel, Letona Giménez, Laura, García Gómez, Miriam, Martínez Cilleros, Carmen, Puente Ruiz, Nuria, Escobar Sevilla, Joaquin, Gómez Méndez, Raquel, Ramos-Rincón, José Manuel, Gomez Huelgas, Ricardo, On Behalf Of The Semi-Covid-Network
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 12-07-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Acute coronary syndromes; Anticoagulants; Blood pressure; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cardiomyocytes; Cardiovascular disease; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Clinical medicine; COVID-19; Demographic aspects; Development and progression; Diabetes; Energy consumption; Heart attacks; Heart failure; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Infections; Intensive care; Ischemia; Myocarditis; Regression analysis; Risk factors; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Tumors; Variables; Spain; COVID-19; heart failure; prognostic factors
• ISSN: 2077-0383; 2077-0383
• DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144649

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, an intimate relationship between this disease and cardiovascular diseases has been seen. However, few studies assess the development of heart failure during this infection. This study aims to determine the predisposing factors for the development of heart failure (HF) during hospital admission of COVID-19 patients.
A retrospective and multicenter study of patients with HF admitted for COVID-19 in 150 Spanish hospitals (SEMI-COVID-19 Registry). A bivariate analysis was performed to relate the different variables evaluated in patients developing heart failure during hospital admission. A multivariate analysis including the most relevant clinical variables obtained in bivariate analyses to predict the outcome of heart failure was performed.
A total of 16.474 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were included (57.5% men, mean age 67 years), 958 of them (5.8%) developed HF during hospitalization. The risk factors for HF development were: age (odds ratio [OR]): 1.042; confidence interval 95% (CI 95%): 1.035-1.050;
< 0.001), atrial fibrillation (OR: 2.022; CI 95%: 1.697-2.410;
< 0.001), BMI > 30 kg/m
(OR: 1.460 CI 95%: 1.230-1.733;
< 0001), and peripheral vascular disease (OR: 1.564; CI 95%: 1.217-2.201;
< 0.001). Patients who developed HF had a higher rate of mortality (54.1% vs. 19.1%,
< 0.001), intubation rate (OR: 2,36;
< 0.001), and ICU admissions (OR: 2.38;
< 0001).
Patients who presented a higher risk of developing HF were older with cardiovascular risk factors. The risk factors for HF development were age, atrial fibrillation, obesity, and peripheral vascular disease. In addition, patients who developed HF more frequently required to be intubated or admitted to the ICU.