Novel Method Based on Spin-Coating for the Preparation of 2D and 3D Si-Based Anodes for Lithium Ion Batteries

• Published in: ChemEngineering Vol. 1; no. 1; p. 5
• Main Authors: Gabard, Marie, Zaghrioui, Mustapha, Chouteau, David, Grimal, Virginie, Tillocher, Thomas, Ghamouss, Fouad, Poirot, Nathalie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-09-2017
• Subjects: anode; Anodes; Aspect ratio; Carbon; Chemical engineering; Chemical Sciences; Coated electrodes; Design; Electrode materials; Electrodes; Electrolytes; Graphene; Ionic liquids; Lithium; lithium ion; Lithium-ion batteries; Material chemistry; Morphology; Nanoparticles; Nanowires; Plasma etching; Rechargeable batteries; room temperature ionic liquid; Silicon; silicon nanoparticles; Spin coating; France
• ISSN: 2305-7084; 2305-7084
• DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering1010005

The present study describes a novel strategy for preparing thin Silicon 2D and 3D electrodes for lithium ion batteries by a spin coating method. A homogeneous and stable suspension of Si nanoparticles (SiNPs) was prepared by dispersing the nanoparticles in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) or in the room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Pyr14TFSI). This proposed methodology was successfully employed to prepare 2D and 3D with different aspect ratios electrodes. Both 2D and 3D materials were then used as anode materials. The 2D SiNPs anodes exhibit a high reversible capacity, which is close to 3500 mAh·g−1 at C/10. For a higher discharge rate, the capacity of the 2D anode is considerably improved by dispersing the nanoparticles in Pyr14TFSI instead of NMP solvent. In order to further improve the anode performances, graphene particles were added to the SiNPs suspension. The anodes prepared using this suspension method exhibit relatively low columbic efficiency during the first few cycles (less than 30%) and low reversible capacity (2800 mAh·g−1 at C/10). The 3D SiNPs (NMP) electrode shows a higher intensity during cyclic voltammograms and a better stability under galvanostatic cycling than the 2D SiNPs (NMP) electrode.