Critical evaluation of treatment strategies involving adsorption and chelation for wastewater containing copper, zinc and cyanide
Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and cyanide requires treatment for removal of both metals and cyanide before disposal. Conventional methods for treatment of such wastewater involve alkaline-chlorination for cyanide destruction, followed by pH adjustment for metal precipitation, and sub...
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| Published in: | Advances in environmental research : an international journal of research in environmental science, engineering and technology Vol. 7; no. 1; pp. 179 - 195 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01-11-2002
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| Abstract | Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and cyanide requires treatment for removal of both metals and cyanide before disposal. Conventional methods for treatment of such wastewater involve alkaline-chlorination for cyanide destruction, followed by pH adjustment for metal precipitation, and subsequent removal of precipitate by solid–liquid separation processes. However, excessive sludge production, slow metal precipitation kinetics, and inefficient metal removal due to poor settling and aggregation of metal precipitates, are major drawbacks of the above process. This has rekindled interest in alternative metal removal strategies involving metal adsorption and metal chelation. The objective of the study described in this paper is to critically evaluate treatment strategies involving some indigenous adsorbents and a low-cost chelating agent for treatment of a simulated wastewater containing copper and zinc, complexed with cyanide. Treatment strategies involving three adsorbents, sulfonated coal, biosorbent
G. lucidum, and iron oxide coated sand (IOCS), and a chelating agent, insoluble agro-based starch xanthate (IAX), were tested. The evaluation procedure involved comparison of the performance of these treatment strategies with that of conventional treatment. Results indicate that treatment using the chelating agent IAX has the greatest potential as an alternative to the conventional treatment technique. The three adsorbents tested, although reported to be very effective in removing copper and zinc from pure systems, exhibit diminished metal removal capacity in the presence of cyanide, and hence are unsuitable. |
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| AbstractList | Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and cyanide requires treatment for removal of both metals and cyanide before disposal. Conventional methods for treatment of such wastewater involve alkaline-chlorination for cyanide destruction, followed by pH adjustment for metal precipitation, and subsequent removal of precipitate by solid-liquid separation processes. However, excessive sludge production, slow metal precipitation kinetics, and inefficient metal removal due to poor settling and aggregation of metal precipitates, are major drawbacks of the above process. This has rekindled interest in alternative metal removal strategies involving metal adsorption and metal chelation. The objective of the study described in this paper is to critically evaluate treatment strategies involving some indigenous adsorbents and a low-cost chelating agent for treatment of a simulated wastewater containing copper and zinc, complexed with cyanide. Treatment strategies involving three adsorbents, sulfonated coal, biosorbent G. lucidum, and iron oxide coated sand (IOCS), and a chelating agent, insoluble agro-based starch xanthate (IAX), were tested. The evaluation procedure involved comparison of the performance of these treatment strategies with that of conventional treatment. Results indicate that treatment using the chelating agent IAX has the greatest potential as an alternative to the conventional treatment technique. The three adsorbents tested, although reported to be very effective in removing copper and zinc from pure systems, exhibit diminished metal removal capacity in the presence of cyanide, and hence are unsuitable. Critical evaluation of treatment strategies involving adsorption and chelation for wastewater containing copper, zinc and cyanide was conducted. Total copper estimation was carried out using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Free copper(II) was measured using an ion specific cupric electrode. Estimation of zinc was carried out using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Treatment schemes involving metal removal using down flow adsorption columns with sulfonated coal, biosorbent G. lucidum or iron oxide coated sand (IOCS) as adsorbent did not require provision for solid-liquid separation units. The settling characteristics of agro-based starch xanthate (IAX) were superior as compared with most metal precipitates, enabling the provision of higher surface overflow rates in sedimentation tanks provided for IAX removal after contact with the waste stream. Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and cyanide requires treatment for removal of both metals and cyanide before disposal. Conventional methods for treatment of such wastewater involve alkaline-chlorination for cyanide destruction, followed by pH adjustment for metal precipitation, and subsequent removal of precipitate by solid–liquid separation processes. However, excessive sludge production, slow metal precipitation kinetics, and inefficient metal removal due to poor settling and aggregation of metal precipitates, are major drawbacks of the above process. This has rekindled interest in alternative metal removal strategies involving metal adsorption and metal chelation. The objective of the study described in this paper is to critically evaluate treatment strategies involving some indigenous adsorbents and a low-cost chelating agent for treatment of a simulated wastewater containing copper and zinc, complexed with cyanide. Treatment strategies involving three adsorbents, sulfonated coal, biosorbent G. lucidum, and iron oxide coated sand (IOCS), and a chelating agent, insoluble agro-based starch xanthate (IAX), were tested. The evaluation procedure involved comparison of the performance of these treatment strategies with that of conventional treatment. Results indicate that treatment using the chelating agent IAX has the greatest potential as an alternative to the conventional treatment technique. The three adsorbents tested, although reported to be very effective in removing copper and zinc from pure systems, exhibit diminished metal removal capacity in the presence of cyanide, and hence are unsuitable. |
| Author | Aparna Bose, M Bose, Purnendu Kumar, Sunil |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Purnendu surname: Bose fullname: Bose, Purnendu email: pbose@iitk.ac.in – sequence: 2 givenname: M surname: Aparna Bose fullname: Aparna Bose, M – sequence: 3 givenname: Sunil surname: Kumar fullname: Kumar, Sunil |
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| Keywords | Cyanide Precipitation Adsorption Chelation Copper Alkaline-chlorination Zinc Metal–cyanide complexes |
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| Snippet | Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and cyanide requires treatment for removal of both metals and cyanide before disposal. Conventional methods for... Critical evaluation of treatment strategies involving adsorption and chelation for wastewater containing copper, zinc and cyanide was conducted. Total copper... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adsorption Alkaline-chlorination Chelation Copper Cyanide Metal–cyanide complexes Precipitation Zinc |
| Title | Critical evaluation of treatment strategies involving adsorption and chelation for wastewater containing copper, zinc and cyanide |
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