Species diversity of culturable endophytic fungi from Brazilian mangrove forests

• Published in: Current genetics Vol. 59; no. 3; pp. 153 - 166
• Main Authors: de Souza Sebastianes, Fernanda Luiza, Romão-Dumaresq, Aline Silva, Lacava, Paulo Teixeira, Harakava, Ricardo, Azevedo, João Lúcio, de Melo, Itamar Soares, Pizzirani-Kleiner, Aline Aparecida
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01-08-2013; Springer Berlin Heidelberg; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aquatic plants; Avicennia; Avicennia schaueriana; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; branches; Brazil; Cell Biology; Colletotrichum; Diaporthe; endophytes; Endophytes - genetics; fungal communities; fungi; Fungi - classification; Fungi - genetics; Fungi - isolation & purification; Fusarium; Fusarium - genetics; Genetic diversity; Genetic Speciation; Genetic Variation; Laguncularia racemosa; Leaves; Life Sciences; mangrove forests; Mangroves; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Oil spills; Phylogeny; Plant Leaves - genetics; Plant Leaves - microbiology; Plant Sciences; Plant species; Plant tissues; Plants - genetics; Proteomics; Research Article; Rhizophora mangle; Rhizophoraceae - genetics; Rhizophoraceae - microbiology; ribosomal DNA; Species diversity; Summer; Trees; Trichoderma; Winter; Xylaria; Brazil; Brazil, Sao Paulo, Cananeia; Brazil, Sao Paulo; Fungi; Endophytes; Mangrove; Diversity; Molecular identification
• ISSN: 0172-8083; 1432-0983
• DOI: 10.1007/s00294-013-0396-8

This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis of the diversity of endophytic fungal communities isolated from the leaves and branches of Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia schaueriana and Laguncularia racemosa trees inhabiting two mangroves in the state of São Paulo, Brazil [Cananeia and Bertioga (oil spill-affected and unaffected)] in the summer and winter. Three hundred and forty-three fungi were identified by sequencing the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of rDNA. Differences were observed in the frequencies of fungi isolated from the leaves and branches of these three different plant species sampled from the Bertioga oil spill-affected and the oil-unaffected mangrove sites in the summer and winter; these differences indicate a potential impact on fungal diversity in the study area due to the oil spill. The molecular identification of the fungi showed that the fungal community associated with these mangroves is composed of at least 34 different genera, the most frequent of which were Diaporthe, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Trichoderma and Xylaria. The Shannon and the Chao1 indices [H′₍₉₅ %₎ = 4.00, H′₍₉₇ %₎ = 4.22, Chao1₍₉₅ %₎ = 204 and Chao1₍₉₇ %₎ = 603] indicated that the mangrove fungal community possesses a vast diversity and richness of endophytic fungi. The data generated in this study revealed a large reservoir of fungal genetic diversity inhabiting these Brazilian mangrove forests and highlighted substantial differences between the fungal communities associated with distinct plant tissues, plant species, impacted sites and sampling seasons.