Lupin protein concentrate as a novel functional food additive that can reduce colitis-induced inflammation and oxidative stress

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 14; no. 10; p. 2102
• Main Authors: Mota Guerreiro, Joana Patrícia, Cara de Anjo Casimiro, Sandra Cristina, Fernandes, João Carlos, Hartmann, Renata M., Schemitt, Elizângela, Picada, Jaqueline, Costa, Luis, Marroni, Norma, Silva Naret Moreira Raymundo, Anabela Cristina, Lima, Ana, de Seixas Boavida Ferreira, Ricardo Manuel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI 18-05-2022; MDPI AG
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Antioxidant; Antioxidants; Baking; Bioactive compounds; Carbohydrates; Colitis; Colitis - chemically induced; Colitis - drug therapy; Colitis - pathology; Colon; Cookies; DNA damage; Edema; Food additives; Food Additives - adverse effects; Food products; Functional Food; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Gelatinase B; Gene expression; HT29; Humans; IBD; In vivo methods and tests; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - metabolism; Lupin; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 - metabolism; MMP-9; Novel foods; Oxidative Stress; Polyphenols; Proteins; Seeds; Signs and symptoms; United States > US; HT29; antioxidant; colitis; lupin; IBD; functional food; MMP-9; cookies
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu14102102

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Food fortification with bioactive compounds may constitute a way to ameliorate inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Lupin seeds contain an oligomer named deflamin that can reduce IBD's symptoms via MMP-9 inhibition. Here, our goal was to develop a lupin protein concentrate (LPC) enriched in deflamin and to test its application as a food additive to be used as a functional food against colitis. The nutritional profile of the LPC was evaluated, and its efficacy in vivo was tested, either alone or as added to wheat cookies. The LPC presented high protein and carbohydrate contents (20.09 g/100 g and 62.05/100 g, respectively), as well as antioxidant activity (FRAP: 351.19 mg AAE/10 mg and DPPH: 273.9 mg AAE/10 mg). It was also effective against TNBS-induced colitis in a dose dependent-manner, reducing DAI scores by more than 50% and concomitantly inhibiting MMP-9 activity. When added to cookies, the LPC activities were maintained after baking, and a 4-day diet with LPC cookies induced a significant protective effect against acetic acid-induced colitis, overall bringing lesions, oxidative stress and DNA damage levels to values significantly similar to controls (p < 0.001). The results show that the LPC is an efficient way to deliver deflamin in IBD-targeted diets.
This work was supported by national funds from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Lisbon, Portugal) through the research unit UID/AGR/04129/2020 (LEAF), project PTDC/BAA-AGR/28608/2017 and PhD grant to the first author (SFRH/BD/132832/2017).