Effects of Quadriceps and Hamstrings Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on Knee Movement Sensation

• Published in: Journal of strength and conditioning research Vol. 24; no. 4; pp. 1037 - 1042
• Main Authors: Streepey, Jefferson W, Mock, Marla J, Riskowski, Jody L, VanWye, William R, Vitvitskiy, Boris M, Mikesky, Alan E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States National Strength and Conditioning Association 01-04-2010; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Kinesthesis - physiology; Knee Joint - physiology; Male; Muscle Contraction - physiology; Muscle Relaxation - physiology; Muscle Stretching Exercises - methods; Probability; Proprioception; Quadriceps Muscle - physiology; Range of Motion, Articular - physiology; Reference Values; Sports injuries; Task Performance and Analysis; Thigh - physiology; Time Factors; Young Adult
• DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d09e87
• EISSN: 1533-4287
• ISSN: 1064-8011

Streepey, JW, Mock, MJ, Riskowski, JL, VanWye, WR, Vitvitskiy, BM, and Mikesky, AE. Effects of quadriceps and hamstrings proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on knee movement sensation. J Strength Cond Res 24(4)1037-1042, 2010-Stretching before competition has traditionally been thought to benefit performance; however, recent evidence demonstrating reduced muscle force and power immediately after stretching suggests otherwise. We hypothesized that knee joint position sense would be diminished immediately after proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching to the hamstrings and quadriceps. Eighteen subjects (aged 18-30 years) were seated with their dominant foot attached to a motorized arm with the knee flexed at 135°. To block external cues, the subjects wore a blindfold, earplugs, and headphones providing white noise. The knee was displaced in either the flexion or the extension direction at a velocity of 0.4°·s, and subjects pressed a button when they sensed motion. The knee was returned to 135°, and the test was repeated for a total of 10 trials. The PNF group received PNF stretching to the hamstrings and quadriceps of the dominant leg. The SHAM group had the dominant leg passively moved within each subjectʼs functional range of motion. The ability to detect knee movement was retested in the PNF and SHAM groups. Pre- and posttest latencies between movement onset and subject response were analyzed. Results indicated that the PNF group had significantly increased latencies after stretching (from 2.56 ± 0.83 to 3.46 ± 1.90 seconds) compared with the SHAM group (3.93 ± 2.40 to 3.72 ± 2.15 seconds). It is concluded that PNF stretching of the hamstrings and quadriceps may acutely diminish sensitivity to knee movement. For coaches and trainers, these findings are consistent with previous reports of loss in muscle force and power immediately after stretching, suggesting that stretching just before competition may diminish performance.