Preparation of fine W/O/W emulsion through membrane filtration of coarse W/O/W emulsion and disappearance of the inclusion of outer phase solution

• Published in: Food hydrocolloids Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 61 - 70
• Main Authors: Shima, Motohiro, Kobayashi, Yohei, Fujii, Takao, Tanaka, Miyono, Kimura, Yukitaka, Adachi, Shuji, Matsuno, Ryuichi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 2004; Elsevier
• Subjects: Bioactive compound; bioactive properties; Biological and medical sciences; Biotechnology; chemical concentration; droplet size; droplets; emulsifying; emulsifying properties; emulsions; encapsulation; filtration; Fine water-in-oil-in-water emulsion; food chemistry; Functional food; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; homogenization; homogenizers; hydrocolloids; hydrophilic interactions; hydrophobicity; Immobilization of enzymes and other molecules; Immobilization techniques; interface phenomena; Membrane emulsification; Methods. Procedures. Technologies; oil-water interface; particle size distribution; Rotor/stator homogenizer; solutions; surfactants; water-in-oil-in-water solution; Rotor/stator homogenizer; Bioactive compound; Fine water-in-oil-in-water emulsion; Functional food; Membrane emulsification; Encapsulation; Health food; Emulsification; Membrane filtration; Water oil water emulsion; Homogenization
• ISSN: 0268-005X; 1873-7137
• DOI: 10.1016/S0268-005X(03)00042-0

A water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion was prepared as a carrier system for the daily uptake of a bioactive compound using decaglycerol monolaurate and hexaglyceryl condensed ricinolate as hydrophilic and lipophilic surfactants, respectively. 1,3,6,8-Pyrenetetrasulfonic acid tetrasodium salt (PTSA) was used as a hydrophilic model compound of a bioactive substance. Membrane filtration of a coarse W/O/W emulsion prepared with a rotor/stator homogenizer produced a fine emulsion which had a mean oil-droplet diameter of <1 μm. The emulsions were stable for 1 week at 4 °C. The encapsulation efficiency of PTSA was >90%. Microscopic observations revealed that the fluorescent material in the outer-phase solution was included into the oil phase during rotor/stator homogenization. It was suggested that because the rotor/stator homogenizer was used to produce both O/W and W/O/W emulsions, some part of the outer phase solution would be included in the oil phase during the second homogenization. The fluorescence shown in the oil droplets of the coarse W/O/W emulsion was diminished after membrane emulsification. This phenomenon suggested that the included outer-phase solution was released to the outer-phase solution from the interior of the W/O/W oil droplets during the membrane emulsification.