Peripheral neuropathy in a copper-deficient goat

This report aimed to describe a case of peripheral neuropathy in a copper-deficient goat, and highlights the clinical, and pathological features of the disease. The goat had low body score, hyporexia, alopecia, achromotrichia, left hindlimb protraction, paralysis with dragging of digit and difficult...

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Published in:Ciência rural Vol. 47; no. 10
Main Authors: Almeida, Valdir Morais de, Chaves, Hisadora Advincula da Silva, Silva Filho, Givaldo Bom da, Ribeiro, Danielle Pimentel, Braga, Thaiza Campelo, Mendonça, Fábio de Souza
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Language:English
Published: Santa Maria Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciencias Rurais 01-01-2017
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Abstract This report aimed to describe a case of peripheral neuropathy in a copper-deficient goat, and highlights the clinical, and pathological features of the disease. The goat had low body score, hyporexia, alopecia, achromotrichia, left hindlimb protraction, paralysis with dragging of digit and difficulty to stand up and microcytic normochromic anemia. Copper concentration in serum was markedly lower (2.0µmol L-1) whereas the iron serum content was significantly increased (51.0µmol L-1). The main gross alteration was the reduction of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle volume. Histologically, there was atrophy of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle and presence of satellite cells, infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and replacement of the fibers by connective tissue. In the femoral nerve, there was axonal degeneration with myelin sheath expansion and presence of vacuoles, usually in chains and containing axonal debris or macrophages. Clinical, laboratorial and pathologic findings are consistent with peripheral neuropathy due to a severy copper deficiency. RESUMO: Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um caso de neuropatia periférica em um caprino com deficiência de cobre e destaca as características clínicas e patológicas da doença. O caprino apresentava baixo escore corporal, hiporexia, alopecia, acromotriquia, protração do membro posterior esquerdo, com arrastar de pinça do membro posterior, dificuldade para se levantar e anemia microcítica normocrômica. A concentração sérica de cobre estava significantemente baixa (2.0µmol L-1), enquanto a concentração de ferro estava alta (51.0µmol L-1). O principal achado de necropsia consistiu em redução do volume do músculo quadríceps vasto lateral. Histologicamente, havia atrofia do músculo quadríceps vasto lateral, infiltrado linfocítico, presença de células satélites, macrófagos e substituição das fibras musculares por tecido conjuntivo. No nervo femoral, havia degeneração axonal com dilatação da bainha de mielina e presença de vacúolos, geralmente em cadeia, contendo, ocasionalmente, restos axonais ou macrófagos. Os achados clínicos, laboratoriais e patológicos são compatíveis com neuropatia periférica devido à deficiência severa de cobre.
AbstractList This report aimed to describe a case of peripheral neuropathy in a copper-deficient goat, and highlights the clinical, and pathological features of the disease. The goat had low body score, hyporexia, alopecia, achromotrichia, left hindlimb protraction, paralysis with dragging of digit and difficulty to stand up and microcytic normochromic anemia. Copper concentration in serum was markedly lower (2.0µmol L-1) whereas the iron serum content was significantly increased (51.0µmol L-1). The main gross alteration was the reduction of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle volume. Histologically, there was atrophy of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle and presence of satellite cells, infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and replacement of the fibers by connective tissue. In the femoral nerve, there was axonal degeneration with myelin sheath expansion and presence of vacuoles, usually in chains and containing axonal debris or macrophages. Clinical, laboratorial and pathologic findings are consistent with peripheral neuropathy due to a severy copper deficiency.
This report aimed to describe a case of peripheral neuropathy in a copper-deficient goat, and highlights the clinical, and pathological features of the disease. The goat had low body score, hyporexia, alopecia, achromotrichia, left hindlimb protraction, paralysis with dragging of digit and difficulty to stand up and microcytic normochromic anemia. Copper concentration in serum was markedly lower (2.0µmol L-1) whereas the iron serum content was significantly increased (51.0µmol L-1). The main gross alteration was the reduction of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle volume. Histologically, there was atrophy of the quadriceps vastus laterallis muscle and presence of satellite cells, infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and replacement of the fibers by connective tissue. In the femoral nerve, there was axonal degeneration with myelin sheath expansion and presence of vacuoles, usually in chains and containing axonal debris or macrophages. Clinical, laboratorial and pathologic findings are consistent with peripheral neuropathy due to a severy copper deficiency. RESUMO: Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um caso de neuropatia periférica em um caprino com deficiência de cobre e destaca as características clínicas e patológicas da doença. O caprino apresentava baixo escore corporal, hiporexia, alopecia, acromotriquia, protração do membro posterior esquerdo, com arrastar de pinça do membro posterior, dificuldade para se levantar e anemia microcítica normocrômica. A concentração sérica de cobre estava significantemente baixa (2.0µmol L-1), enquanto a concentração de ferro estava alta (51.0µmol L-1). O principal achado de necropsia consistiu em redução do volume do músculo quadríceps vasto lateral. Histologicamente, havia atrofia do músculo quadríceps vasto lateral, infiltrado linfocítico, presença de células satélites, macrófagos e substituição das fibras musculares por tecido conjuntivo. No nervo femoral, havia degeneração axonal com dilatação da bainha de mielina e presença de vacúolos, geralmente em cadeia, contendo, ocasionalmente, restos axonais ou macrófagos. Os achados clínicos, laboratoriais e patológicos são compatíveis com neuropatia periférica devido à deficiência severa de cobre.
Author Mendonça, Fábio de Souza
Ribeiro, Danielle Pimentel
Chaves, Hisadora Advincula da Silva
Braga, Thaiza Campelo
Almeida, Valdir Morais de
Silva Filho, Givaldo Bom da
AuthorAffiliation Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco
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  organization: Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Brazil
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10.1152/physrev.1985.65.2.238
10.1006/nbdi.1999.0250
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Keywords deficiência mineral
mineral deficiency
paralysis
muscular atrophy
ruminants
paralisia
atrofia muscular
monoplegia
ruminantes
Language English
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SILVA T. (ref4) 2014; 35
VAN METRE D.C. (ref7) 2001; 23
ZATTA P. (ref10) 2007; 54
SOUSA R.F.A. (ref5) 2017; 54
WAGGONER D.J. (ref9) 1999; 6
TOKARNIA C.H. (ref6) 1998; 18
XIAO-YUN S. (ref8) 2006; 47
DIVERS T.J. (ref2) 2004; 20
FRANK A. (ref3) 2004; 102
WAGGONER, D.J. 1999; 6
COUSINS, R.J. 1985; 65
TOKARNIA, C.H.; DÖBEREINER, J. 1998; 18
ZATTA, P.; FRANK, A. 2007; 54
SOUSA, R.F.A. 2017; 54
FRANK, A. 2004; 102
VAN METRE, D.C. 2001; 23
SILVA, T. 2014; 35
DIVERS, T.J. 2004; 20
XIAO-YUN, S. 2006; 47
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  article-title: Absorption, transport and hepatic metabolism of copper and zinc with special reference to metallothionein and ceruloplasmin
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  article-title: Acquired spinal cord and peripheral nerve disease
  publication-title: Vet Clin North Am: Food Anim Pract
  contributor:
    fullname: DIVERS, T.J.
– volume: 54
  start-page: 676
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  end-page: 682
  article-title: Laryngeal neuropathy in adult goats with copper deficiency.
  publication-title: Vet Pathol
  contributor:
    fullname: SOUSA, R.F.A.
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1955
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1960
  article-title: Outbreaks of copper deficiency in ruminants in the semiarid region of Paraíba, Brazil
  publication-title: Semina
  contributor:
    fullname: SILVA, T.
– volume: 102
  start-page: 143
  issue: 3
  year: 2004
  end-page: 159
  article-title: A review of the “mysterious” wasting disease in Swedish moose (Alces alces L.) related to molybdenosis and disturbances in copper metabolism
  publication-title: Biol Trace Elem Res
  contributor:
    fullname: FRANK, A.
– volume: 18
  start-page: 93
  issue: 3-4
  year: 1998
  end-page: 98
  article-title: “Ronca” a disease of unknown etiology in cattle, characterized by a snoaring respiration
  publication-title: Pesq Vet Bras
  contributor:
    fullname: TOKARNIA, C.H.; DÖBEREINER, J.
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SubjectTerms AGRONOMY
Alopecia
Anemia
Atrophy
Baldness
Biomedical materials
Cattle
Connective tissues
Copper
Degeneration
Disease
Epidemics
Femur
Fibers
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Metabolism
mineral deficiency
monoplegia
Muscles
muscular atrophy
Myelin
Nervous system
Neurodegeneration
Paralysis
Peripheral neuropathy
Quadriceps muscle
ruminants
Satellite cells
Sheaths
Spinal cord
Vacuoles
Title Peripheral neuropathy in a copper-deficient goat
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