Primary structure of two neuropeptide hormones with adipokinetic and hypotrehalosemic activity isolated from the corpora cardiaca of horse flies (Diptera)

• Published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 86; no. 20; pp. 8161 - 8164
• Main Authors: Jaffe, H. (ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD), Raina, A.K, Riley, C.T, Fraser, B.A, Nachman, R.J, Vogel, V.W, Zhang, Y.S, Hayes, D.K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 01-10-1989; National Acad Sciences
• Subjects: Agriculture; Amino Acid Sequence; Amino acids; Animals; Corpora cardiaca; DIPTERA; Diptera - drug effects; Diptera - physiology; Dose response relationship; Enzymes; Flies; Hemolymph; Hormones; Horses; hypotrehalosemic hormone; Insect Hormones - chemical synthesis; Insect Hormones - pharmacology; Lipids; Male; Mass Spectrometry; Molecular Sequence Data; Musca autumnalis; Muscidae; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Neuropeptides; Oligopeptides - chemical synthesis; Oligopeptides - pharmacology; PEPTIDE; PEPTIDES; PEPTIDOS; Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid - analogs & derivatives; SYNTHESIS; TABANIDAE; TABANUS; Tabanus atratus
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.20.8161
• EISSN: 1091-6490
• ISSN: 0027-8424

The primary structures of two neuropeptides, Tabanus atratus adipokinetic hormone (Taa-AKH) and Tabanus atratus hypotrehalosemic hormone (Taa-HoTH), from the corpora cardiaca of horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) have been determined. Amino acid sequences of Taa-AKH (<Glu-Leu-Thr-Phe-Thr-Pro-Gly-Trp-NH2) and Taa-HoTH (<Glu-Leu-Thr-Phe-Thr-Pro-Gly-Trp-Gly-Tyr-NH2) (where <Glu = pyroglutamic acid) were determined by automated gas-phase Edman degradation of the peptides deblocked by pyroglutamate aminopeptidase and by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The hormones were synthesized, and the natural and synthetic peptides exhibited identical chromatographic, spectroscopic, and biological properties. When assayed in adult face fly males, Taa-AKH and Taa-HoTH demonstrated hyperlipemic activity; in addition, Taa-HoTH also demonstrated a significant hypotrehalosemic activity.